Effects of substituting soybean meal with corn on immune function and gene expression of gut TLR4 pathway of growing goats.
Effects of substituting soybean meal with corn on immune function and gene expression of gut TLR4 pathway of growing goats.
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玉米替代豆粕对生长山羊免疫功能及肠道TLR4通路基因表达的影响
作者：
Cheng Y;Yang C;Chen W;Yan Q;Tan Z;He Z
蛋白质营养不良仍然是反刍动物生产中的一个严重问题，并可能增加对感染的易感性，特别是在生长阶段。本研究以生长中的母山羊为实验动物，探讨玉米替代豆粕对TLR通路的激活及其对1型或2型免疫反应偏向性的潜在影响。方法选取24只初始体重为19.83±0.53 kg、8±0.3月龄的湘东黑山羊，随机分为玉米-豆粕基础饲粮组（CON，蛋白质含量10.77%）和100%玉米替代豆粕组（CRS，蛋白质含量5.52%）。屠宰前采集EDTA全血和血清样本，测定血细胞计数、抗炎细胞因子和抗体。在正式试验后收集十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠组织，研究CRS饲粮对TLR4通路表达的影响。结果两组大鼠血清白细胞（WBC）、中性粒细胞（Neu）、淋巴细胞（Lym）、单核细胞（Mon）、嗜酸性粒细胞（Eos）、白细胞介素-4 （IL-4）、IL-5、IL-13、免疫球蛋白G （IgG）、IgA和IgM水平相近，CRS饮食对大鼠免疫功能无显著影响。RT-PCR结果显示，CRS组山羊结肠中肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)和干扰素-β (IFN-β)表达上调（P < 0.01）。髓样分化因子88 （MyD88）接头样蛋白（TIRAP）、IL-1受体相关激酶1 （IRAK1）、TNF受体相关因子6 （TRAF6）、NF-κB （NF-κB）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶1 （MAPK1）或激活蛋白1 （AP-1）在TLR4/MyD88依赖通路中的表达在两组间均无差异。而TLR4/MyD88独立通路中NF-κB激活因子（TANK）结合激酶1 （TBK1）在十二指肠和结肠中表达上调（P < 0.01），干扰素调节因子-3 （IRF3）在结肠中表达上调（P < 0.01）。结论CRS日粮对生长山羊的先天免疫和适应性免疫没有显著影响。然而，CRS山羊结肠中TBK1和IRF3的上调表明，CRS饮食可能通过tlr4 - myd88不依赖的途径诱导th1型促炎细胞因子的表达和炎症反应，结肠可能是肠道中最容易被靶向的部位。
Background Protein malnutrition remains a severe problem in ruminant production and can increase susceptibility to infection, especially during the growth stage. This study aimed to explore substituting soybean meal with corn on activation of the TLR pathway and potential impact on immune response bias towards Type 1 or Type 2 using growing female goats as experimental animals. Methods Twenty-four Xiangdong black goats (initial BW = 19.83 ± 0.53 kg, about 8 ± 0.3 months old) were selected and randomly divided into the corn-soybean meal basal diet group (CON, 10.77% protein) and replacing soybean meal with 100% of corn group (CRS, 5.52% protein). EDTA whole blood and serum samples were collected prior to slaughter for determinations of blood cell counts, anti-inflammatory cytokines and antibodies. The duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon tissues were collected after formal trial to study the effect of CRS diet on the expression of TLR4 pathway. Results Our results showed CRS diet did not induce a significant change in immune function, as evidenced by the observations that white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (Neu), lymphocyte (Lym), monocyte (Mon), eosinophil (Eos), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-13, immunoglobin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM levels in serum were similar between the two groups. RT-PCR results showed the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (P < 0.01) and interferon-β (IFN-β) (P < 0.01) were up-regulated in the colon of goats in the CRS group. No differences in the expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) adaptor-like protein (TIRAP), IL-1 receptor–associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), TNF receptor related factor 6 (TRAF6), NF-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) or activator protein-1 (AP-1) in the TLR4/MyD88 dependent pathway were observed between the two groups for any of the tested tissue. However, the expression of NF-κB activator (TANK) binding kinase 1 (TBK1) in TLR4/MyD88 independent pathway was up-regulated in the duodenum and colon (P < 0.01), and the expression of interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) was up-regulated (P < 0.01) in colon. Conclusions Our results suggested that the CRS diet failed to induce a significant change in innate immunity and adaptive immunity in growing goats. However, the up-regulated TBK1 and IRF3 in the colon from the CRS goats suggests that the CRS diet may induce the expression of Th1-type proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory response through a TLR4-MyD88-independent pathway, and the colon may be the easiest targeted section in the intestinal tract.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Firmenich, Caroline S.;Schnepel, Nadine;Muscher-Banse, Alexandra S.
通讯作者：
Muscher-Banse, Alexandra S.
荚膜多糖是绵羊气道上皮细胞病原体诱导的 Toll 样受体介导的炎症反应中绵羊肺炎支原体的主要成分
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Jiang Z;Song F;Li Y;Xue D;Deng G;Li M;Liu X;Wang Y
通讯作者：
Wang Y
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Black, Robert E.;Victora, Cesar G.;Uauy, Ricardo
通讯作者：
Uauy, Ricardo
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Boivin N;Baillargeon J;Doss PM;Roy AP;Rangachari M
通讯作者：
Rangachari M
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Brown J;Wang H;Hajishengallis GN;Martin M
通讯作者：
Martin M