Hot and crispy: CRISPR-Cas systems in the hyperthermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus.

Hot and crispy: CRISPR-Cas systems in the hyperthermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus.
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又热又脆:超嗜热微生物硫磺硫化叶菌中的 CRISPR-Cas 系统。

DOI:
10.1042/bst20130031
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Zhang J
Zhang J
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang J

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CRISPR(成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列)和Cas(CRISPR相关)基因在细菌和古细菌中广泛分布,代表了针对入侵病毒和质粒的细胞内防御系统。在该系统中,来自外源DNA的片段被捕获并整合到宿主基因组中的CRISPR基因座处。该基因座被转录,并且所产生的RNA被Cas 6加工成小crRNA(CRISPR RNA),其引导各种效应复合物降解入侵的遗传元件。许多细菌和古细菌都有一种主要的效应复合物。然而,硫磺硫化叶菌菌株P2具有六个CRISPR基因座,其中两个重复家族,四个cas 6基因和三种不同类型的效应复合物。这些特点使。solfataricus是研究CRISPR-Cas系统的重要模型。在本文中,我们回顾了我们目前对crRNA生物合成及其效应复合物,亚型I-A和亚型III-B,在S. solfataricus。我们还讨论了S. solfataricus和Pyrococcus furiosus中的III-B亚型系统在机制方面的差异。
The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) and Cas (CRISPR-associated) genes are widely spread in bacteria and archaea, representing an intracellular defence system against invading viruses and plasmids. In the system, fragments from foreign DNA are captured and integrated into the host genome at the CRISPR locus. The locus is transcribed and the resulting RNAs are processed by Cas6 into small crRNAs (CRISPR RNAs) that guide a variety of effector complexes to degrade the invading genetic elements. Many bacteria and archaea have one major type of effector complex. However,Sulfolobus solfataricusstrain P2 has six CRISPR loci with two families of repeats, fourcas6genes and three different types of effector complex. These features makeS. solfataricusan important model for studying CRISPR–Cas systems. In the present article, we review our current understanding of crRNA biogenesis and its effector complexes, subtype I-A and subtype III-B, inS. solfataricus. We also discuss the differences in terms of mechanisms between the subtype III-B systems inS. solfataricusandPyrococcus furiosus.
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