On Bayesian data assimilation for PDEs with ill-posed forward problems

On Bayesian data assimilation for PDEs with ill-posed forward problems
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具有不适定前向问题的偏微分方程的贝叶斯数据同化

DOI:
10.1088/1361-6420/ac7acd
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Weber, F
Weber, F
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lanthaler, S;Mishra, S;Weber, F

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我们研究贝叶斯数据同化(过滤)的时间演化偏微分方程(PDE),其中潜在的正问题可能是非常不稳定或不适定的。这种偏微分方程,其中包括Navier-Stokes方程的流体动力学,其特点是高灵敏度的解决方案的扰动的初始数据,缺乏严格的全球适定性的结果,以及可能的非收敛的数值近似。根据非常温和的和易于验证的一般假设,这样的偏微分方程的前向解算子,我们证明了后验测量表示的解决方案的贝叶斯滤波问题是稳定的扰动的噪声测量,我们提供了定量估计的近似贝叶斯滤波分布的收敛性计算的数值近似。对于Navier-Stokes方程,我们的结果意味着一致稳定的过滤问题,即使在任意小的粘度,当潜在的前向问题可能成为不适定的,以及在一个合适的度量时间参数化的概率措施的数值逼近的紧致性。
We study Bayesian data assimilation (filtering) for time-evolution Partial differential equations (PDEs), for which the underlying forward problem may be very unstable or ill-posed. Such PDEs, which include the Navier–Stokes equations of fluid dynamics, are characterized by a high sensitivity of solutions to perturbations of the initial data, a lack of rigorous global well-posedness results as well as possible non-convergence of numerical approximations. Under very mild and readily verifiable general hypotheses on the forward solution operator of such PDEs, we prove that the posterior measure expressing the solution of the Bayesian filtering problem is stable with respect to perturbations of the noisy measurements, and we provide quantitative estimates on the convergence of approximate Bayesian filtering distributions computed from numerical approximations. For the Navier–Stokes equations, our results imply uniform stability of the filtering problem even at arbitrarily small viscosity, when the underlying forward problem may become ill-posed, as well as the compactness of numerical approximants in a suitable metric on time-parametrized probability measures.
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