Evidence, politics and power in public policy for the environment

Evidence, politics and power in public policy for the environment
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环境公共政策中的证据、政治和权力

DOI:
10.1016/j.envsci.2008.12.007
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发表时间:
2009
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Juntti M
Juntti M
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Juntti M

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尽管最近强调“以证据为基础的政策”,并辅之以丰富的“绿色”政策工具,但欧洲联盟和经合组织国家的经验表明,真正旨在平衡环境考虑与社会和经济考虑的决定仍然很少。此外,许多政策似乎没有达到或直接与现有的“证据”所建议的要求相矛盾。这是一份综合文件,汇集了政治学、地理学、社会学和科学技术研究领域的文献,概述了在环境决策中使用科学证据的一些模糊之处。在本文中,我们认为,三个关键的相互关联的问题的探索是必要的,以发展更丰富的理解,为什么证据和政策相互作用,因为他们这样做。这些是证据本身的性质;政策制定的规范,道德或伦理“政治”;以及政策过程中的权力运作。我们的主要目标是将各种文献汇集在一起,以更好地概念化证据-政策关系。在这样做的时候,我们概述了知识生产者谁设置研究的优先事项,设计和指导研究项目的具体挑战。我们还强调了对政策决策过程的重大影响。
Despite a recent emphasis on ‘evidence based policy’ accompanied by an abundance of ‘green’ policy instruments, experience from the European Union and OECD countries shows that decisions which truly aim to balance environmental considerations with social and economic ones remain thin on the ground. Moreover, many policies seem to fall short of, or directly contradict what the available ‘evidence’ suggests is required. This is a synthesis paper bringing together literature from the fields of political science, geography, sociology and science and technology studies to outline some of the obscurities relating to the use of scientific evidence in environmental decision-making. In this paper, we suggest that an exploration of three key inter-related issues is necessary to develop a richer understanding of why evidence and policy interact as they do. These are the nature of evidence itself; the normative, moral or ethical ‘politics’ of policy-making; and the operation of power in the policy process. Our primary goal is to bring various literatures together to better conceptualise the evidence–policy relationship. In so doing, we outline specific challenges for knowledge producers who set research priorities, and design and direct research projects. We also highlight significant implications for policy decision-making processes.
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