Isolation of a C5-deprotonated imidazolium, a crystalline "abnormal" N-heterocyclic carbene.

Isolation of a C5-deprotonated imidazolium, a crystalline "abnormal" N-heterocyclic carbene.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1178206
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发表时间:
2009-10-23
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bertrand G
Bertrand G
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aldeco-Perez E;Rosenthal AJ;Donnadieu B;Parameswaran P;Frenking G;Bertrand G

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二十年前发现的无金属稳定卡宾,特别是咪唑-2-亚基[N-杂环卡宾(NHC)],在有机和有机金属催化领域取得了众多突破。最近,已经制备了小范围的配合物,其中替代的 NHC 异构体​​,即咪唑-5-亚基(也称为异常 NHC 或 aNHC,因为卡宾中心不再位于两个氮之间)与过渡金属配位。在这里,我们报道了一种无金属 aNHC 的合成,它在室温下无论是在固态还是在溶液中都是稳定的。计算表明,aNHC 比其正常 NHC 异构体​​碱性更强。由于卡宾中心旁边的碳上的取代基是非大体积苯基,因此应容忍各种取代模式,而不妨碍相应的 aNHC 的分离。
The discovery two decades ago of metal-free stable carbenes, especially imidazol-2-ylidenes [N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs)], has led to numerous breakthroughs in organic and organometallic catalysis. More recently, a small range of complexes has been prepared in which alternative NHC isomers, namely imidazol-5-ylidenes (also termed abnormal NHCs or aNHCs, because the carbene center is no longer located between the two nitrogens), coordinate to a transition metal. Here we report the synthesis of a metal-free aNHC that is stable at room temperature, both in the solid state and in solution. Calculations show that the aNHC is more basic than its normal NHC isomer. Because the substituent at the carbon next to the carbene center is a nonbulky phenyl group, a variety of substitution patterns should be tolerated without precluding the isolation of the corresponding aNHC.
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