Exposure to ambient black carbon derived from a unique inventory and high-resolution model
Exposure to ambient black carbon derived from a unique inventory and high-resolution model
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暴露于来自独特库存和高分辨率模型的环境黑碳
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1318763111
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发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Zhang, Yanyan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Wei;Shen, Guofeng;Wang, Bin;Zhang, Yanyan
在这项研究中，我们已经开发了一个独特的全球黑碳（BC）排放清单，使用10公里的网格的基础上最新的源和排放因子的信息。该清单被用于使用全球大气气溶胶气候模型模拟BC浓度，并为亚洲提供高分辨率网格，以更好地解决人口暴露于BC浓度升高的问题。华北平原采用了更高分辨率（10 km）的模式。最后，对人群暴露浓度进行评价。黑碳（BC）越来越被认为是一种重要的空气污染物，对人类健康产生有害影响，无论是其本身还是作为其他化学品的载体。在排放量高和人口密度不断增加的发展中区域，这种不利影响尤其令人关切。最近的研究结果表明，BC省的排放量可能被低估了2-3倍，对于亚洲热点地区尤其如此。在这里，我们提出了一个独特的库存在10公里分辨率的基础上，最近公布的全球燃料消耗数据产品和更新的排放因子测量。该独特的清单与亚洲嵌套（150公里）大气模型相结合，用于计算全球人口对BC的暴露，并具有完全量化的不确定性。评估模拟的表面BC浓度与观测结果相比，显示出很大的改善。当独特的库存和更高分辨率的模型取代先前的库存与粗分辨率模型相结合时，亚洲的偏差从-88%降至-35%。通过使用排放作为替代物将尺度缩小到10公里，偏差可以进一步降低到-12%。我们估计的受观测约束的全球人口加权BC暴露浓度为2.14 μg·m-3;比使用不太详细的库存和低分辨率模型获得的结果高出130%。
Significance In this study, we have developed a unique global black carbon (BC) emission inventory using a 10-km grid based on the latest source and emission factor information. The inventory is used to model BC concentrations using a global atmospheric aerosol climate model, with a high-resolution grid for Asia, to better resolve the exposure of populations to elevated BC concentration. The model with even higher resolution (10 km) is used for the North China Plain. Finally, the population exposure concentrations are evaluated. Black carbon (BC) is increasingly recognized as a significant air pollutant with harmful effects on human health, either in its own right or as a carrier of other chemicals. The adverse impact is of particular concern in those developing regions with high emissions and a growing population density. The results of recent studies indicate that BC emissions could be underestimated by a factor of 2–3 and this is particularly true for the hot-spot Asian region. Here we present a unique inventory at 10-km resolution based on a recently published global fuel consumption data product and updated emission factor measurements. The unique inventory is coupled to an Asia-nested (∼50 km) atmospheric model and used to calculate the global population exposure to BC with fully quantified uncertainty. Evaluating the modeled surface BC concentrations against observations reveals great improvement. The bias is reduced from −88% to −35% in Asia when the unique inventory and higher-resolution model replace a previous inventory combined with a coarse-resolution model. The bias can be further reduced to −12% by downscaling to 10 km using emission as a proxy. Our estimated global population-weighted BC exposure concentration constrained by observations is 2.14 μg⋅m−3; 130% higher than that obtained using less detailed inventories and low-resolution models.
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燃烧过程的高分辨率绘图及其对二氧化碳排放的影响
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Wang, X. L.;Liu, W. X.;Li, B. G.;Piao, S. L.
通讯作者：
Piao, S. L.
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Shen, Guofeng;Yang, Yifeng;Wang, Wei;Tao, Shu;Zhu, Chen;Min, Yujia;Xue, Miao;Ding, Junnan;Wang, Bin;Wang, Rong;Shen, Huizhong;Li, Wei;Wang, Xilong;Russell, Armistead G.
通讯作者：
Russell, Armistead G.
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Geng, Fuhai;Hua, Jing;Kan, Haidong
通讯作者：
Kan, Haidong
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Li, Xinghua;Wang, Shuxiao;Nie, Yongfeng
通讯作者：
Nie, Yongfeng
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.97.2.525
发表时间：
2000-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
N. Cozzarelli
通讯作者：
N. Cozzarelli