Emission factors of particulate matter and elemental carbon for crop residues and coals burned in typical household stoves in China.
Emission factors of particulate matter and elemental carbon for crop residues and coals burned in typical household stoves in China.
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DOI：
10.1021/es101313y
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发表时间：
2010-09-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Russell, Armistead G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shen, Guofeng;Yang, Yifeng;Wang, Wei;Tao, Shu;Zhu, Chen;Min, Yujia;Xue, Miao;Ding, Junnan;Wang, Bin;Wang, Rong;Shen, Huizhong;Li, Wei;Wang, Xilong;Russell, Armistead G.
颗粒物（PM）和黑碳（BC）都会影响气候变化和人类健康。PM和BC排放清单中的不确定性部分是由于测量的排放因子（EF）变化很大以及发展中国家缺乏EF。虽然存在关于热光学测量的元素碳（EC）是否可以被称为BC的争论，但EC通常被视为与BC相同质量。采用碳质量平衡法测定了9种秸秆和5种煤在实际农村炊事和煤炉中的颗粒物排放系数（EFPM）和挥发分排放系数（EFEC）。研究了EF与燃料性质和燃烧条件的关系。结果表明，秸秆和煤的平均EFPM分别为8.19 ± 4.27和3.17 ± 4.67 g/kg，平均EFEC分别为1.38 ± 0.70和0.23 ± 0.36 g/kg。农作物残留物中小于10 μm的颗粒物（PM10）主要是空气动力学粒径在0.7 ~ 2.1 μm之间的颗粒物，而煤中PM10的最大粒径范围是0.7 ~ 2.1 μm或小于0.7 μm。在所测试的各种燃料性质和燃烧条件中，燃料水分和修正燃烧效率（MCE）是影响作物残留物EFPM和EFEC的最关键因素。对于煤燃烧，EFPM主要受MCE和挥发分的影响，而EFEC受灰分、挥发分、热值和MCE的显著影响。EC排放与粒径小于0.4 μm的PM排放显著相关。
Both particulate matter (PM) and black carbon (BC) impact climate change and human health. Uncertainties in emission inventories of PM and BC are partially due to large variation of measured emission factors (EFs) and lack of EFs from developing countries. Although there is a debate whether thermal-optically measured elemental carbon (EC) may be referred to as BC, EC are often treated as the same mass of BC. In this study, EFs of PM (EFPM) and EC (EFEC) for 9 crop residues and 5 coals were measured in actual rural cooking and coal stoves using the carbon mass balance method. The dependence of the EFs on fuel properties and combustion conditions were investigated. It was found that the mean EFPM were 8.19 ± 4.27 and 3.17 ± 4.67 g/kg and the mean EFEC were 1.38 ± 0.70 and 0.23 ± 0.36 g/kg for crop residues and coals, respectively. PM with size less than 10 μm (PM10) from crop residues were dominated by particles of aerodynamic size ranging from 0.7 to 2.1 μm, while the most abundant size ranges of PM10 from coals were either from 0.7 to 2.1 μm or less than 0.7 μm. Of various fuel properties and combustion conditions tested, fuel moisture and modified combustion efficiency (MCE) were the most critical factors affecting EFPM and EFEC for crop residues. For coal combustion, EFPM were primarily affected by MCE and volatile matter, while EFEC were significantly influenced by ash content, volatile matter, heat value, and MCE. It was also found that EC emissions were significantly correlated with emissions of PM with size less than 0.4 μm.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
Dhammapala, Ranil;Claiborn, Candis;Jimenez, Jorge
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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