The Neutrophil: Constant Defender and First Responder.
The Neutrophil: Constant Defender and First Responder.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2020.571085
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Glogauer M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fine N;Tasevski N;McCulloch CA;Tenenbaum HC;Glogauer M
中性粒细胞(PMN)在生物学中的作用经常在各种疾病状态下与PMN功能亢进或功能低下相关的发病机制中被认识到。然而，在绝大多数情况下，PMN有助于弹性和组织动态平衡，维持健康所需的持续PMN介导的行动，特别是在粘膜组织中。PMN非常适合于应对和减少一生中遇到的大量传染病病原体和有害过程的破坏性影响。共生生物膜是一种排列在粘膜表面的共生多微生物生态系统，是抵御可能占主导地位的致病菌株的第一道防线，因此对健康至关重要。中性粒细胞经常与健康人的粘膜组织中的共生菌群相互作用，限制它们的生长，而不会对它们产生明显的炎症反应。这些中性粒细胞表现出所谓的炎性副表型，并减少了炎性输出。当生物膜的生长和组成被破坏(即，生物失调)时，与这些变化的急性和慢性炎症反应相关的临床症状可能包括疼痛、红斑和肿胀。然而，在大多数情况下，这些反应表明免疫系统功能正常，可以重新建立动态平衡并保护现状。这种健康的日常功能的缺陷是由于PMN被病理性微生物菌株颠覆、遗传缺陷或与其他慢性炎症性疾病(包括癌症和风湿病)的串扰而发生的，这可以为PMN功能的治疗靶向提供一些途径。在其他情况下，靶向PMN功能可能会恶化疾病状态。某些PMN介导的对病原体的反应，例如中性粒细胞外陷阱(NETs)，可能会导致不良症状，如疼痛或肿胀和组织损伤/纤维化。尽管有附带损害，但这些PMN反应限制了病原体的传播，并限制了原本会发生的更严重的损害。新的数据表明，存在独特的PMN亚群，通常与应对特定炎症挑战的功能多样化有关。PMN导向的治疗方法依赖于对这种多样性的更好理解。在这里，我们概述了目前对中性粒细胞在健康和疾病中的理解，重点是组织和器官保护性中性粒细胞介导的炎症的积极表现。
The role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in biology is often recognized during pathogenesis associated with PMN hyper- or hypo-functionality in various disease states. However, in the vast majority of cases, PMNs contribute to resilience and tissue homeostasis, with continuous PMN-mediated actions required for the maintenance of health, particularly in mucosal tissues. PMNs are extraordinarily well-adapted to respond to and diminish the damaging effects of a vast repertoire of infectious agents and injurious processes that are encountered throughout life. The commensal biofilm, a symbiotic polymicrobial ecosystem that lines the mucosal surfaces, is the first line of defense against pathogenic strains that might otherwise dominate, and is therefore of critical importance for health. PMNs regularly interact with the commensal flora at the mucosal tissues in health and limit their growth without developing an overt inflammatory reaction to them. These PMNs exhibit what is called a para-inflammatory phenotype, and have reduced inflammatory output. When biofilm growth and makeup are disrupted (i.e., dysbiosis), clinical symptoms associated with acute and chronic inflammatory responses to these changes may include pain, erythema and swelling. However, in most cases, these responses indicate that the immune system is functioning properly to re-establish homeostasis and protect the status quo. Defects in this healthy everyday function occur as a result of PMN subversion by pathological microbial strains, genetic defects or crosstalk with other chronic inflammatory conditions, including cancer and rheumatic disease, and this can provide some avenues for therapeutic targeting of PMN function. In other cases, targeting PMN functions could worsen the disease state. Certain PMN-mediated responses to pathogens, for example Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), might lead to undesirable symptoms such as pain or swelling and tissue damage/fibrosis. Despite collateral damage, these PMN responses limit pathogen dissemination and more severe damage that would otherwise occur. New data suggests the existence of unique PMN subsets, commonly associated with functional diversification in response to particular inflammatory challenges. PMN-directed therapeutic approaches depend on a greater understanding of this diversity. Here we outline the current understanding of PMNs in health and disease, with an emphasis on the positive manifestations of tissue and organ-protective PMN-mediated inflammation.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aao4227
发表时间：
2018-09-28
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Albrengues J;Shields MA;Ng D;Park CG;Ambrico A;Poindexter ME;Upadhyay P;Uyeminami DL;Pommier A;Küttner V;Bružas E;Maiorino L;Bautista C;Carmona EM;Gimotty PA;Fearon DT;Chang K;Lyons SK;Pinkerton KE;Trotman LC;Goldberg MS;Yeh JT;Egeblad M
通讯作者：
Egeblad M
影响因子：
6
作者：
Brazil, Jennifer C.;Sumagin, Ronen;Parkos, Charles A.
通讯作者：
Parkos, Charles A.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
BERENDS, C;DIJKHUIZEN, B;KAUFFMAN, HF
通讯作者：
KAUFFMAN, HF
DOI：
10.1084/jem.20021553
发表时间：
2003-03-17
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bennett L;Palucka AK;Arce E;Cantrell V;Borvak J;Banchereau J;Pascual V
通讯作者：
Pascual V
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Bunting, M;Harris, ES;Zimmerman, GA
通讯作者：
Zimmerman, GA