Ways and Means of Cellular Reconditioning for Kidney Regeneration.

Ways and Means of Cellular Reconditioning for Kidney Regeneration.
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DOI:
10.1159/000522050
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Goligorsky, Michael S.
Goligorsky, Michael S.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ishiko, Shinya;Goligorsky, Michael S.

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已知线粒体、溶酶体和过氧化物体功能障碍、自噬缺陷、有丝分裂和附着体,以及糖萼完整性的丧失都是各种肾脏疾病发生和发展的原因。这些细胞器在健康中密切相互作用,在疾病发展过程中,一种细胞器的损害可能会蔓延到其他细胞器。推而广之,修复单个缺陷可能会导致更广泛的修复光谱和细胞和器官功能的改善。一种新的修复细胞器功能障碍的策略,我们将其定义为在疾病过程中受损并阻碍修复的致病关键细胞内或细胞外元件的修复。针对选定细胞器的个体化治疗修复方法被编目。我们预计,未来拟议的修复策略可能会丰富再生医学和肾脏病的武器库。再生医学和肾脏学的武器库,包括器官移植、干细胞的使用、无细胞方法、细胞重新编程策略和器官工程,都因修复策略而得到丰富。后者是基于两个事实的认识:a)多种细胞器的损伤有助于肾脏疾病的发病;b)单个细胞器在功能上相互耦合,这解释了导致它们功能障碍的多米诺骨牌效应。修复利用了这些事实,虽然最初的目的是恢复单个细胞器的功能,但最终达到了治疗干预的传播,以说明细胞和器官功能的改善。这些干预措施的例子被简要总结为参与肾脏疾病发病机制的有缺陷的细胞器。
Mitochondrial, lysosomal and peroxisomal dysfunction, defective autophagy, mitophagy and pexophagy, as well as the loss of glycocalyx integrity are known contributors to initiation and progression of diverse kidney diseases. Those cellular organelles are tightly interactive in health and, during development of a disease, damage in one may propagate to others. By extension, it follows that restoring an individual defect may culminate in a broader restorative spectrum and improvement of cell and organ functions. A novel strategy of reconditioning cellular organellar dysfunction, which we define as refurbishment of pathogenically pivotal intra- or extra-cellular elements, damaged in the course of disease and impeding restoration, is briefly outlined in this overview. Individual therapeutic reconditioning approaches targeting selected organelles are catalogued. We anticipate that the proposed reconditioning strategy in the future may enrich the arsenal of regenerative medicine and nephrology. The arsenal of regenerative medicine and nephrology consisting of organ transplantation, use of stem cells, cell-free approaches, cell reprogramming strategies, and organ engineering has been enriched by the reconditioning strategy. The latter is based on the recognition of two facts that a) impairment of diverse cellular organelles contributes to pathogenesis of kidney disease and b) individual organelles are functionally interactively coupled, which explains the “domino effect” leading to their dysfunction. Reconditioning takes advantage of these facts and, while initially directed to restore the function of individual cellular organelles, culminates in the propagation of a therapeutic intervention to account for improved cell and organ function. Examples of such interventions are briefly summarized along the presentation of defective cellular organelles contributing to pathogenesis of kidney disease.
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