Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer's Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade.

Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer's Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade.
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DOI:
10.3390/cancers13122924
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发表时间:
2021-06-11
期刊:
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Lee JM
Lee JM
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chi A;He X;Hou L;Nguyen NP;Zhu G;Cameron RB;Lee JM

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免疫检查点阻断(ICB)已成为肺癌的主要治疗方法。迫切需要更好地了解非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的肿瘤免疫微环境(TIME),以便更好地利用此类疗法进行治疗。在这篇综述中,我们描述和探讨了 NSCLC 的 TIME 与 ICB 反应的关系,以及如何治疗那些 TIME 无反应类型的患者,这将对肺癌免疫治疗的未来研究产生重大影响。使用检查点抑制剂进行免疫检查点阻断 (ICB) 已在部分晚期 EGFR 和 ALK 野生型非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 患者中产生显着且持久的缓解。这已被一致证明与每个患者肿瘤免疫微环境(TIME)的独特特征相关,包括肿瘤免疫细胞浸润的组成和分布;肿瘤和免疫细胞的各种检查点的表达,例如PD-L1;以及各种细胞因子和趋化因子的存在。在这篇综述中,讨论了 NSCLC 中存在的各种类型 TIME 的分类及其与 NSCLC 中 ICB 反应的相关性。这项研究的重点是不同 TIME 亚型的特征和可识别的生物标志物,这些亚型也可用于预测 NSCLC 对 ICB 的临床反应。最后,探讨了在 TIME 无反应类型的 NSCLC 中增强 ICB 反应的治疗策略。
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a major treatment for lung cancer. Better understanding of the tumor immune micro-environment (TIME) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is urgently needed to better treat it with this type of therapy. In this review, we describe and explore how NSCLC’s TIME relates to response to ICB, as well as how to treat those with unresponsive types of TIME, which will significantly impact future research in lung cancer immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with checkpoint inhibitors has led to significant and durable response in a subset of patients with advanced stage EGFR and ALK wild-type non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This has been consistently shown to be correlated with the unique characteristics of each patient’s tumor immune micro-environment (TIME), including the composition and distribution of the tumor immune cell infiltrate; the expression of various checkpoints by tumor and immune cells, such as PD-L1; and the presence of various cytokines and chemokines. In this review, the classification of various types of TIME that are present in NSCLC and their correlation with response to ICB in NSCLC are discussed. This is conducted with a focus on the characteristics and identifiable biomarkers of different TIME subtypes that may also be used to predict NSCLC’s clinical response to ICB. Finally, treatment strategies to augment response to ICB in NSCLC with unresponsive types of TIME are explored.
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