HIV testing rates and outcomes in a South African community, 2001-2006: implications for expanded screening policies.
HIV testing rates and outcomes in a South African community, 2001-2006: implications for expanded screening policies.
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DOI:
10.1097/qai.0b013e3181a248e6
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发表时间:
2009-07-01
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wood R
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
April MD;Walensky RP;Chang Y;Pitt J;Freedberg KA;Losina E;Paltiel AD;Wood R
Revised World Health Organization recommendations seek to increase HIV testing. We assessed the need for expanded testing in South Africa by examining current testing and treatment trends among a high-prevalence population. We determined the numbers of adults receiving HIV testing and antiretroviral treatment (ART) during 2001–2006 using testing registers linked to patient records from two healthcare facilities believed responsible for virtually all HIV services available to the population. We evaluated annual population testing rates using census population counts; proportions of clients testing seropositive (yield); CD4 counts and WHO stage at diagnosis; and ART initiation rates. HIV testing rates rose from 4% in 2001 to 20% in 2006 (p<0.001) and were highest among pregnant females receiving provider-initiated testing. Yield for first-time testers decreased from 47% in 2001 to 28% in 2006. Median CD4 counts and WHO stage distributions for newly-diagnosed clients remained stable. HIV-infected clients receiving ART within six months of eligibility increased from 0% in 2001 to 68% in 2006 (p<0.001). Population testing and ART initiation rates rose dramatically during 2001–2006. Yet, yield remained high and HIV-infected persons continued to receive late diagnoses. These findings highlight the continuing need for expanded testing and linkage to care.
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