Helminths and the microbiota: parts of the hygiene hypothesis.

Helminths and the microbiota: parts of the hygiene hypothesis.
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蠕虫和微生物群:卫生假设的一部分。

DOI:
10.1111/pim.12193
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发表时间:
2015-06
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Lim YA
Lim YA
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Loke P;Lim YA

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在现代社会,由免疫反应失调引起的疾病正在以惊人的速度增加,例如炎症性肠病和糖尿病。迫切需要了解这些流行病趋势,这些趋势很可能是由过去几十年不断变化的环境推动的。人类遗传因素和这种不断变化的环境之间存在复杂的相互作用,导致代谢性和炎症性疾病的发病率不断增加。人类肠道细菌群落(微生物区系)的改变和蠕虫感染流行率的降低是导致免疫失调的潜在环境因素。蠕虫与肠道微生物区系及其哺乳动物宿主共同进化。这种三向互动开始被描述,所获得的知识可能使设计新的治疗策略来治疗代谢性和炎症性疾病。然而,这些复杂的相互作用需要在宿主遗传背景的背景下仔细研究,以便确定最佳的治疗策略。这些相互作用的复杂性增加了这样一种可能性,即只有在了解个别遗传和微生物群落的高度个性化治疗的情况下,治疗干预措施才能成功地治疗大多数患有这些复杂的免疫失调疾病的个人。
In modern societies, diseases that are driven by dysregulated immune responses are increasing at an alarming pace, such as inflammatory bowel diseases and diabetes. There is an urgent need to understand these epidemiological trends, which are likely to be driven by the changing environment of the last few decades. There are complex interactions between human genetic factors and this changing environment that is leading to the increasing prevalence of metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Alterations to human gut bacterial communities (the microbiota) and lowered prevalence of helminth infections are potential environmental factors contributing to immune dysregulation. Helminths have co-evolved with the gut microbiota and their mammalian hosts. This three-way interaction is beginning to be characterized and the knowledge gained may enable the design of new therapeutic strategies to treat metabolic and inflammatory diseases. However, these complex interactions need to be carefully investigated in the context of host genetic backgrounds in order to identify optimal treatment strategies. The complex nature of these interactions raises the possibility that only with highly personalized treatment, with knowledge of individual genetic and microbiota communities, will therapeutic interventions be successful for a majority of the individuals suffering from these complex diseases of immune dysregulation.
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