Unique Molecular Features of Water-Soluble Photo-Oxidation Products among Refined Fuels, Crude Oil, and Herded Burnt Residue under High Latitude Conditions
Unique Molecular Features of Water-Soluble Photo-Oxidation Products among Refined Fuels, Crude Oil, and Herded Burnt Residue under High Latitude Conditions
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高纬度条件下精炼燃料、原油和畜牧燃烧残渣中水溶性光氧化产物的独特分子特征
DOI：
10.1021/acsestwater.1c00494
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tomco, Patrick L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Whisenhant, Elizabeth A.;Zito, Phoebe;Podgorski, David C.;McKenna, Amy M.;Redman, Zachary C.;Tomco, Patrick L.
光氧化石油碳氢化合物是一类独特的水溶性生物可利用化合物，已在有毒监管机构中获得新的认识，作为高纬度地区的迫切和优先研究需求。为了表征光氧化石油的分子特征，在5.5 °C的温度下对阿拉斯加海水和淡水进行了实验室规模的泄漏辐照。“精炼燃料”包括取暖油、柴油、Jet-A、煤油和汽油，以阿拉斯加北坡（ANS）原油为参考。另一项实验评估了使用最近推广的原位燃烧策略（有和没有牧民应用）“补救”的ANS粗品的光解老化。四组分荧光平行因子模型揭示了与光氧化精炼燃料相关的独特短波长特征，该特征与传统的“微生物”或“类地球”组分无关。相比之下，原油光解分解成长波长的腐殖类成分（高腐殖化指数）和氧化腐殖酸。傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱数据证实了光学数据。总的来说，按体积计算，精炼燃料柴油、取暖油、煤油和Jet-A产生的光产物质量明显高于原油，并具有独特的化学特征。这就需要对海洋生物群的毒性进行新的考虑。这项研究还强调了在高纬度地区用荧光光谱法跟踪原油和精炼燃料的光改性水溶性馏分的新潜力。
Photo-oxidized petroleum hydrocarbons are a unique class of water-soluble bioavailable compounds that have gained emerging recognition within toxic regulatory management bodies as an urgent and priority research need in high latitudes. In order to characterize the molecular signatures of photo-oxidized petroleum, bench-scale spills were irradiated over Alaskan seawater and freshwater at 5.5 °C. “Refined fuels” included heating oil, diesel, Jet-A, kerosene, and gasoline, with the Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude reference. An additional experiment assessed the photolytic aging of ANS crude “remediated” using a recently popularized strategy ofin situburning with and without herder application. A four-component fluorescence parallel factor model revealed a unique short-wavelength feature associated with photo-oxidized refined fuel that is not associated with traditional “microbial”- or “terrestrial-like” components. In contrast, crude oil photolytically decomposes into long-wavelength humic-like components (high humification index) and oxidized aliphatics. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry data corroborated the optical data. Overall, on a per-volume basis, the refined fuels diesel, heating oil, kerosene, and Jet-A produce a significantly higher mass of photoproducts than crude oil and carry a unique chemical signature. This warrants new considerations regarding marine biota toxicity. This study also highlights new potential for tracking photo-modified water-soluble fractions of crude and refined fuels in high latitudes with fluorescence spectroscopy.
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