Exploitation of Cytoskeletal Networks during Early Viral Infection.

Exploitation of Cytoskeletal Networks during Early Viral Infection.
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早期病毒感染期间细胞骨架网络的利用。

DOI:
10.1016/j.tim.2018.06.008
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发表时间:
2019-01
影响因子:
15.9
通讯作者:
Naghavi MH
Naghavi MH
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Walsh D;Naghavi MH

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由于病毒依赖于宿主转运系统在细胞质中导航,因此已经进化出各种策略来操纵细胞骨架功能。通常,病毒使用肌动蛋白细胞骨架来控制进入和细胞周边的短程运输,并利用微管(MT)进行较长距离的胞质运输,在某些情况下到达细胞核。虽然早期的研究确立了这些网络对成功感染的根本重要性,但病毒篡夺高度专业化的宿主细胞骨架调节因子和运动适配器的机制细节和真实程度才刚刚开始出现。这篇综述概述了我们目前对细胞骨架调节如何有助于病毒感染早期阶段的理解,主要集中在逆转录病毒和疱疹病毒作为这一领域最新进展的例子。
Being dependent upon host transport systems to navigate the cytoplasm, viruses have evolved various strategies to manipulate cytoskeletal functions. Generally, viruses use the actin cytoskeleton to control entry and short-range transport at the cell periphery and exploit microtubules (MTs) for longer-range cytosolic transport, in some cases to reach the nucleus. While earlier studies established the fundamental importance of these networks to successful infection, the mechanistic details and true extent to which viruses usurp highly specialized host cytoskeletal regulators and motor adaptors is only beginning to emerge. This review outlines our current understanding of how cytoskeletal regulation contributes specifically to the early stages of viral infection, with a primary focus on retroviruses and herpesviruses as examples of recent advances in this area.
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