Thermo‐mechanical interaction of a large impact melt sheet with adjacent target rock, Sudbury impact structure, Canada

Thermo‐mechanical interaction of a large impact melt sheet with adjacent target rock, Sudbury impact structure, Canada
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大型冲击熔体片与相邻目标岩石的热机械相互作用,萨德伯里冲击结构,加拿大

DOI:
10.1111/maps.13268
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Riller
Riller
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Göllner;Wüstemann;Bendschneider;Reimers;Gibson;Lightfoot;Riller

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1.85 Ga的萨德伯里火成岩复合体(SIC)和它的热光环在地球上是独一无二的,因为它揭示了一个大的撞击熔融板对邻近目标岩石的影响。值得注意的是,衬于基底碳化硅的下盘角砾岩的形成仍然存在争议,并被归因于撞击、陨石坑和陨石坑后的过程。通过详细的野外填图和显微结构分析,我们确定了以静态再结晶、初熔和结晶结构为特征的3个不同带。热光晕的温度梯度向碳化硅方向增大,并在部分熔融区达到顶峰,在空间上与下盘角砾岩相关。因此,我们得出结论,目标岩石最初被同化为过热的撞击熔体,并在陨石坑形成后同时变形,这对角砾岩的形成有很大贡献。估计下盘角砾岩的熔体分数约为80 vol%,证明了机械强度的极端损失,因此,角砾岩在同化过程中具有高流动性。高度可移动的下盘角砾岩物质进入上覆的碳化硅亚层北岩,反之亦然,可归因于两个单元的罗利-泰勒不稳定性,或由于萨德伯里撞击构造下地壳的粘性松弛引起的长期陨石坑改造,或两者兼有。
The 1.85 Ga Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) and its thermal aureole are unique on Earth with regard to unraveling the effects of a large impact melt sheet on adjacent target rocks. Notably, the formation of Footwall Breccia, lining the basal SIC, remains controversial and has been attributed to impact, cratering, and postcratering processes. Based on detailed field mapping and microstructural analysis of thermal aureole rocks, we identified three distinct zones characterized by static recrystallization, incipient melting, and crystallization textures. The temperature gradient in the thermal aureole increases toward the SIC and culminates in a zone of partial melting, which correlates spatially with the Footwall Breccia. We therefore conclude that assimilation of target rock into initially superheated impact melt and simultaneous deformation after cratering strongly contributed to breccia formation. Estimated melt fractions of the Footwall Breccia amount to 80 vol% and attest to an extreme loss in mechanical strength and, thus, high mobility of the Breccia during assimilation. Transport of highly mobile Footwall Breccia material into the overlying Sublayer Norite of the SIC and vice versa can be attributed to Raleigh–Taylor instability of both units, long‐term crater modification caused by viscous relaxation of crust underlying the Sudbury impact structure, or both.
DOI: 10.1029/94jb03388
发表时间: 1995-08
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