Inbreeding in Mimulus guttatus reduces visitation by bumble bee pollinators.
Inbreeding in Mimulus guttatus reduces visitation by bumble bee pollinators.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0101463
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hart H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carr DE;Roulston TH;Hart H
植物的近亲繁殖通常会降低个体的适应性，但也可能改变生态相互作用。在温室条件下，研究了一年生混合交配的小斑熊蜂（Mimulus guttatus）近亲繁殖对传粉昆虫（熊蜂凤仙）访花行为的影响。以前的研究M. guttatus的研究表明，近亲繁殖减少了花冠的大小，花的数量，花粉的数量和质量。利用控制杂交，我们从三个不同的M。guttatus种群。我们记录了蜜蜂访问的植物基因型和每次访问的花朵数量。在我们的第一个实验中，蜜蜂访问远系繁殖植物的可能性比那些自交一代的蜜蜂高31%，访问远系繁殖植物的可能性比那些自交两代的蜜蜂高43%。近亲繁殖只有一个小的影响，一旦蜜蜂到达一个基因型的花朵探测的数量。这些差异部分解释了平均花的显示和平均花的大小的差异，但即使当这些变量进行统计控制，近交的影响仍然很大，很重要。在第二个实验中，我们量化了来自近交系和自交系植物的花粉生活力。即使在控制花卉展示尺寸的情况下，蜜蜂拜访远系繁殖植物的可能性也高出37-54%，具体取决于种群数量。花粉活力被证明是重要的花显示在一个人口中预测传粉者的访问，但整体的解释能力的多元回归模型是弱的。我们的数据表明，蜜蜂使用的线索，除了显示大小，花的大小，花粉奖励质量在他们的歧视近交系植物。对近交植物的歧视可能对植物适合度产生影响，从而加强对异交的选择。植物种群的近亲繁殖也可能降低传粉者的资源质量，可能对传粉者种群产生负面影响。
Inbreeding in plants typically reduces individual fitness but may also alter ecological interactions. This study examined the effect of inbreeding in the mixed-mating annual Mimulus guttatus on visitation by pollinators (Bombus impatiens) in greenhouse experiments. Previous studies of M. guttatus have shown that inbreeding reduced corolla size, flower number, and pollen quantity and quality. Using controlled crosses, we produced inbred and outbred families from three different M. guttatus populations. We recorded the plant genotypes that bees visited and the number of flowers probed per visit. In our first experiment, bees were 31% more likely to visit outbred plants than those selfed for one generation and 43% more likely to visit outbred plants than those selfed for two generations. Inbreeding had only a small effect on the number of flowers probed once bees arrived at a genotype. These differences were explained partially by differences in mean floral display and mean flower size, but even when these variables were controlled statistically, the effect of inbreeding remained large and significant. In a second experiment we quantified pollen viability from inbred and self plants. Bees were 37–54% more likely to visit outbred plants, depending on the population, even when controlling for floral display size. Pollen viability proved to be as important as floral display in predicting pollinator visitation in one population, but the overall explanatory power of a multiple regression model was weak. Our data suggested that bees use cues in addition to display size, flower size, and pollen reward quality in their discrimination of inbred plants. Discrimination against inbred plants could have effects on plant fitness and thereby reinforce selection for outcrossing. Inbreeding in plant populations could also reduce resource quality for pollinators, potentially resulting in negative effects on pollinator populations.
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