Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Consequences on Neurobiological, Psychosocial, and Somatic Conditions Across the Lifespan.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Consequences on Neurobiological, Psychosocial, and Somatic Conditions Across the Lifespan.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00420
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Schmahl C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herzog JI;Schmahl C
简介：不良的童年经历（ACE），如性和身体虐待或忽视是经常在儿童时期，并构成了一个巨大的压力源，长期持久的不良影响，对大脑，心理和身体健康的目的是提出一个简明扼要的综述目前的文献ACE的影响，在成年后期的神经生物学，心理和躯体健康。研究方法：作者回顾了关于ACE对成年后期神经生物学、精神和躯体健康影响的现有文献，并总结了结果，以进行简明的定性概述。结果如下：在成年期，ACE病史可导致复杂的临床特征，伴有几种并发的精神和躯体疾病，如创伤后应激障碍、抑郁症、边缘型人格障碍、肥胖症和糖尿病。虽然一般的压力影响的发展障碍和神经的变化可以假设，ACE的类型和时间的作用是特别感兴趣的预防和治疗ACE相关的精神和躯体疾病。有人认为，在某些脆弱的发展阶段，随后ACE相关疾病的风险增加。此外，新出现的证据指出了ACE亚型在神经生物学改变发展中的敏感期和特异性，例如，杏仁核和海马体的体积和功能变化。结论：纵向研究需要通过整合最新的知识和方法来研究复杂的ACE相关特征和与精神和躯体疾病相关的机制。通过识别和验证心理社会和躯体风险因素和诊断标志物，可以改善患有ACE相关疾病的个体的创新躯体和心理治疗方案的发展。
Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) such as sexual and physical abuse or neglect are frequent in childhood and constitute a massive stressor with long-lasting adverse effects on the brain, mental and physical health.The aim of this qualitative review is to present a concise overview of the present literature on the impact of ACE on neurobiology, mental and somatic health in later adulthood. Methods: The authors reviewed the existing literature on the impact of ACE on neurobiology, mental and somatic health in later adulthood and summarized the results for a concise qualitative overview. Results: In adulthood, the history of ACE can result in complex clinical profiles with several co-occurring mental and somatic disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, borderline personality disorder, obesity and diabetes. Although a general stress effect in the development of the disorders and neural alterations can be assumed, the role of type and timing of ACE is of particular interest in terms of prevention and treatment of ACE-related mental and somatic conditions. It has been suggested that during certain vulnerable developmental phases the risk for subsequent ACE-related disorders is increased. Moreover, emerging evidence points to sensitive periods and specificity of ACE-subtypes in the development of neurobiological alterations, e.g., volumetric and functional changes in the amygdala and hippocampus. Conclusion: Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate complex ACE-related characteristics and mechanisms relevant for mental and somatic disorders by integrating state of the art knowledge and methods. By identifying and validating psychosocial and somatic risk factors and diagnostic markers one might improve the development of innovative somatic and psychological treatment options for individuals suffering from ACE-related disorders.
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影响因子：
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