Genome-wide analysis of G-quadruplexes in herpesvirus genomes.

Genome-wide analysis of G-quadruplexes in herpesvirus genomes.
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DOI:
10.1186/s12864-016-3282-1
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发表时间:
2016-11-21
期刊:
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Vivekanandan P
Vivekanandan P
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Biswas B;Kandpal M;Jauhari UK;Vivekanandan P

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G-四链体越来越多地被认为是人类、动物、细菌和植物基因组中的调控元件。在疱疹病毒中,G-四链体的存在和功能还没有得到很好的研究;特别是,没有系统的全基因组分析疱疹病毒基因组中这些重要的二级结构。我们进行了全基因组分析人类疱疹病毒的推定四链体序列(PQS)。我们在人类疱疹病毒中发现了异常高的PQS密度。PQS在人类疱疹病毒的重复区和调节区富集。有趣的是,在大多数疱疹病毒中,与早期和晚期基因相比,立即早期基因的调控区中的PQS密度更高。此外,在人类疱疹病毒中功能保守的大多数基因在调控区内含有一个或多个PQS。我们还描述了疱疹病毒中存在独特的分子内PQS重复序列或重复的G-四链体基序。功能研究证实了G-四链体在调节人类疱疹病毒基因表达中的作用。PQS的普遍性,它们在特定基因组位置的富集和保守性表明,这些结构实体可能代表了疱疹病毒中一类新的功能元件。我们的研究结果提供了必要的框架,研究在疱疹病毒的G-四链体的生物学作用。本文的在线版本(doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3282-1)包含补充材料,可供授权用户使用。
G-quadruplexes are increasingly recognized as regulatory elements in human, animal, bacterial and plant genomes. The presence and function of G-quadruplexes are not well studied among herpesviruses; in particular, there are no systematic genome-wide analysis of these important secondary structures in herpesvirus genomes. We performed genome-wide analysis of putative quadruplex sequences (PQS) in human herpesviruses. We found unusually high PQS densities among human herpesviruses. PQS are enriched in the repeat regions and regulatory regions of human herpesviruses. Interestingly, PQS densities are higher in regulatory regions of immediate early genes compared to early and late genes in most herpesviruses. In addition, the majority of genes functionally conserved across human herpesviruses contain one or more PQS within the regulatory regions. We also describe the existence of unique intramolecular PQS repeats or repetitive G-quadruplex motifs in herpesviruses. Functional studies confirm a role for G-quadruplexes in regulating the gene expression of human herpesviruses. The pervasiveness of PQS, their enrichment and conservation at specific genomic locations suggest that these structural entities may represent a novel class of functional elements in herpesviruses. Our findings provide the necessary framework for studies on the biological role of G-quadruplexes in herpesviruses. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3282-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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