Evaluation of screened blood donations for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection by culture and DNA amplification of pooled cells.

Evaluation of screened blood donations for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection by culture and DNA amplification of pooled cells.
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通过合并细胞的培养和 DNA 扩增对筛选献血的人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型感染进行评估。

DOI:
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发表时间:
1991
影响因子:
158.5
通讯作者:
Girish N. Vyas
Girish N. Vyas
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Michael P. Busch;B. Eble;Hassan Khayam;David Heilbron;Edward L. Murphy;S. Kwok;J. Sninsky;Herbert A. Perkins;Girish N. Vyas

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背景 关于通过输入经过筛查的血液传播1型人体免疫机能丧失病毒(艾滋病毒-1)的报告,以及关于高危人群隐性、抗体阴性艾滋病毒-1感染的报告,继续引起人们对血液供应安全的关切。以前对HIV-1风险的估计范围为每单位血液1/38,000至1/300,000,但基于流行病学模型或受者血清转化的证明。 方法 我们从经过全面筛查并发现血清反应阴性的血液中分离出外周血单核细胞,将它们合并到来自50名供体的细胞池中,并使用专门适用于这种分析的方案,通过病毒培养和聚合酶链反应检测它们的HIV-1。 结果 从1987年11月至1989年12月在旧金山弗朗西斯科献血的76,500份血液中制备了1530个单核细胞池。在这些样本池中,成功培养了1436个样本池(代表71,800份供体样本);通过聚合酶链反应评价了873个样本池(43,650份供体样本)。只有一个样本池被确认为HIV-1-通过两种方法感染。在对使用培养和聚合酶链反应的检测系统的灵敏度的基于样本的估计值进行调整后,经筛选的供体对HIV-1呈阳性的概率估计为1/61,171(95%置信上限,1/10,695)。 结论 在经过筛查的献血者中,隐性HIV-1感染非常罕见,因此目前通过输血传播HIV-1的风险非常低,即使在高流行率的大都市地区也是如此。
BACKGROUND Reports of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from transfusions of screened blood and reports of silent, antibody-negative HIV-1 infections in persons at high risk continue to foster concern about the safety of the blood supply. Previous estimates of the risk of HIV-1 range from 1 in 38,000 to 1 in 300,000 per unit of blood but are based on either epidemiologic models or the demonstration of seroconversion in recipients. METHODS We isolated peripheral-blood mononuclear cells from blood that was fully screened and found to be seronegative, combined them into pools of cells from 50 donors, and tested them for HIV-1 by viral culture and the polymerase chain reaction, using protocols specifically adapted for this analysis. RESULTS The 1530 pools of mononuclear cells were prepared from 76,500 blood donations made in San Francisco between November 1987 and December 1989. Of these pools, 1436 (representing 71,800 donations) were cultured successfully; 873 (43,650 donations) were evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction. Only one pool was confirmed as HIV-1--infected by both methods. After adjustment for sample-based estimates of the sensitivity of the detection systems using culture and the polymerase chain reaction, the probability that a screened donor will be positive for HIV-1 was estimated as 1 in 61,171 (95 percent upper confidence bound, 1 in 10,695). CONCLUSIONS Silent HIV-1 infections are exceedingly rare among screened blood donors, so the current risk of HIV-1 transmission from blood transfusions, even in high-prevalence metropolitan areas, is extremely low.
原位杂交和免疫细胞化学用于改进人类免疫缺陷病毒培养物的评估。
DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/88.6.673
发表时间: 1987
影响因子: 3.5
作者:
Busch,MP;Rajagopalan,MS;Gantz,DM;Fu,S;Steimer,KS;Vyas,GN
通讯作者: Vyas,GN
用于检测 HIV-1 的基因扩增 (PCR) 多中心能力试验。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1991
期刊: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes
影响因子: --
作者:
Sheppard,HW;Ascher,MS;Busch,MP;Sohmer,PR;Stanley,M;Luce,MC;Chimera,JA;Madej,R;Rodgers,GC;Lynch,C
通讯作者: Lynch,C
DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27688071706.x
发表时间: 1987
期刊: Transfusion
影响因子: 2.9
作者:
Perkins,HA;Cordell,R;Bueno,C;Shiota,J;Hitchcock,B
通讯作者: Hitchcock,B
DOI: 10.1056/nejm199001183220307
发表时间: 1990-01
期刊: The New England journal of medicine
影响因子: --
作者:
B. Eisenstein
通讯作者: B. Eisenstein
DOI: 10.1056/nejm199104043241405
发表时间: 1991-04-04
影响因子: 158.5
作者:
DAAR, ES;MOUDGIL, T;HO, DD
通讯作者: HO, DD