Modeling Movement Disorders via Generation of hiPSC-Derived Motor Neurons.

Modeling Movement Disorders via Generation of hiPSC-Derived Motor Neurons.
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DOI:
10.3390/cells11233796
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发表时间:
2022-11-27
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
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--
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从人类诱导的多能干细胞(HiPSCs)中诱导出运动神经元(MN),克服了人类获取脑组织的限制,为MN相关疾病的建模提供了一种前所未有的方法。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了MN分化的调控机制及其在hPSCs分化成MN中的应用的最新进展,重点介绍了两种途径:小分子诱导和慢病毒介导的转录因子诱导。在每个诱导阶段,具体讨论了不同的培养基和补充剂,典型的生长条件和细胞形态,以及用于验证细胞特性和质量控制的特定标记。这两种方法都可以产生功能性的MN。目前,使用IPSC来源的神经元模拟神经系统疾病的主要挑战是:获得高纯度和高产量的神经元;长期培养神经元以达到完全成熟;以及如何更多地从生理角度培养神经元以最大限度地与体内条件相关。
Generation of motor neurons (MNs) from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) overcomes the limited access to human brain tissues and provides an unprecedent approach for modeling MN-related diseases. In this review, we discuss the recent progression in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of MN differentiation and their applications in the generation of MNs from hiPSCs, with a particular focus on two approaches: induction by small molecules and induction by lentiviral delivery of transcription factors. At each induction stage, different culture media and supplements, typical growth conditions and cellular morphology, and specific markers for validation of cell identity and quality control are specifically discussed. Both approaches can generate functional MNs. Currently, the major challenges in modeling neurological diseases using iPSC-derived neurons are: obtaining neurons with high purity and yield; long-term neuron culture to reach full maturation; and how to culture neurons more physiologically to maximize relevance to in vivo conditions.
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