Compensation for the damages arising from oil spill incidents: Legislation infrastructure and characteristics of the Chinese regime
Compensation for the damages arising from oil spill incidents: Legislation infrastructure and characteristics of the Chinese regime
复制标题
溢油事故损害赔偿：立法基础与中国政权特征
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.004
复制
发表时间：
2014-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Peng Zhang, Ruijun Sun, Linke Ge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peng Zhang, Ruijun Sun, Linke Ge
本文介绍了我国现行海上溢油污染环境损害赔偿制度的立法基础和特点。目前，我国在借鉴国际公约和其他国家赔偿制度的基础上，已初步建立起由赔偿责任制度和赔偿基金制度组成的双层赔偿制度。虽然其基本内容与国际公约基本相同，但在责任免除和第三方责任的规范、资金的筹集和使用、征收会费的数额和特别提款权上限等方面存在着重大差异。随着环境责任范围的扩大，国际公约和一些国家的立法将油污环境损害纳入了索赔范围，这一由来已久的问题也日益引起人们的激烈争论。详细介绍了中国专门针对环境损失的技术指南，并从补偿目标、计算方法和补偿途径等方面比较了中国与美国的差异。在过去的几十年里，中国政府根据国内立法和地方法规成功地解决了一些著名的重大溢油事件，但这些诉讼的争议一直很激烈，这促使一些生态经济专家迫切需要解决几个问题，如赔偿范围，强制索赔程序，以及生态赔偿的评估方法。因此，应不断探索解决这些问题的办法，以真正满足油污损害全额赔偿和海洋环境保护的要求。
In this paper, the current Chinese regime focusing on the compensation for the environmental damages arising from the seaborne oil spill pollution was introduced, with respect to legislation infrastructure and characteristics. By now, a two-tier compensation regime, consisting of a liability scheme and a fund scheme, has already been established in China through referring to the international conventions and other states' regimes. Although its essential parts were almost identical to those of international conventions, several significant differences exist, including the norms about liability exemption and the third party liability, the fund collection and usage, as well as the amount of the levied contribution and the Special Drawing Right ceiling. With the broadens of the environmental liabilities, the longstanding issues of environmental losses arising from oil pollution have been increasingly involved in intense debates since the international conventions and some states' legislation covered them into the claim scope. A Chinese technical guideline dealing exclusively with the environmental losses was presented in detail; moreover, the differences between this guideline with the US approach were compared with respect to the compensation goals, the calculation methodologies and the compensation pathways. In the past decades, the Chinese authority has successfully settled down some famous major oil spill incidents in courts under its domestic legislation and local regulations, but the arguments on these litigations kept heated, which prompted some eco-economical experts to resolve several issues urgently, such as the compensation scope, the compulsory claim procedures, and the assessment methods of ecological compensation. Hence, some continuous efforts should be taken to explore these solutions, which are truly helpful to satisfy the requirements of the full compensation for the oil pollution damage and the marine environment protection.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
--
作者：
Y. Yamada
通讯作者：
Y. Yamada
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
H. Mei;Y. Yin
通讯作者：
H. Mei;Y. Yin
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
D. Cho
通讯作者：
D. Cho
影响因子：
7
作者：
Wu Yang;Jie Chang;Bin Xu;C. Peng;Y. Ge
通讯作者：
Wu Yang;Jie Chang;Bin Xu;C. Peng;Y. Ge
DOI：
10.1016/s1353-2561(02)00064-6
发表时间：
2002-06
期刊：
Spill Science & Technology Bulletin
影响因子：
--
作者：
L. Burlington
通讯作者：
L. Burlington