Host-parasite coevolution and the stability of genetic kin recognition.
Host-parasite coevolution and the stability of genetic kin recognition.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2220761120
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发表时间：
2023-07-25
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
West, Stuart A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scott, Thomas W.;Grafen, Alan;West, Stuart A.
关键词：
亲属选择理论预测，个体应该进化以帮助他们的亲属。然而，克罗齐悖论表明，使用遗传标记（标签）来识别亲属在进化上是不稳定的。问题是，更常见的标签更有可能被识别和帮助。这导致共同标签的频率增加，消除了遗传亲属识别所需的遗传变异性。据推测，如果识别等位基因在寄生虫抗性中具有额外的作用，则可以维持遗传变异性。我们发现，宿主-寄生虫共同进化假说并不像预期的那样工作，因为它经常导致标签波动到高频率。然而，宿主-寄生虫协同进化可以通过遗传搭便车在另一个（中性）位点保持标签多样性，解决克罗齐悖论。克罗齐尔悖论表明，遗传亲属识别在进化上不会稳定。问题是，更常见的标签（标记）更有可能被识别和帮助。这导致共同标签的频率增加，消除了遗传亲属识别所需的遗传变异性。对于这个问题，有两种可能的解决方案：宿主-寄生虫共同进化和多种社会接触。我们表明，宿主-寄生虫协同进化假说并不像通常假设的那样起作用。如果寄生虫迅速适应宿主并造成中等或高水平的损害（毒力），宿主-寄生虫协同进化只会稳定寄生虫抗性位点的亲属识别。此外，当亲属识别在寄生虫抗性位点稳定时，这可能会使宿主更容易受到寄生虫的影响。然而，我们表明，如果允许遗传结构进化，这意味着自然选择可以选择识别位点，遗传亲属识别更有可能是稳定的。其原因是，宿主-寄生虫的共同进化可以通过遗传搭便车在另一个（中性）位点保持标签多样性，从而使另一个位点用于遗传亲缘识别。这些结果表明，宿主-寄生虫协同进化可以解决克罗齐悖论，而不会使宿主更容易受到寄生虫的影响。然而，多个社会接触的机会可能会提供一个更强大的解决克罗齐悖论。
Kin selection theory predicts that individuals should evolve to help their relatives. However, Crozier’s paradox suggests that using genetic markers (tags) to recognize relatives will be evolutionarily unstable. The problem is that more common tags are more likely to be recognized and helped. This causes common tags to increase in frequency, eliminating the genetic variability needed for genetic kin recognition. It has been hypothesized that the genetic variability could be maintained if recognition alleles have an additional role in parasite resistance. We show that the host–parasite coevolution hypothesis does not work as expected because it often causes tags to fluctuate to high frequencies. However, host–parasite coevolution can maintain tag diversity at another (neutral) locus by genetic hitchhiking, resolving Crozier’s paradox. Crozier’s paradox suggests that genetic kin recognition will not be evolutionarily stable. The problem is that more common tags (markers) are more likely to be recognized and helped. This causes common tags to increase in frequency, eliminating the genetic variability that is required for genetic kin recognition. Two potential solutions to this problem have been suggested: host–parasite coevolution and multiple social encounters. We show that the host–parasite coevolution hypothesis does not work as commonly assumed. Host–parasite coevolution only stabilizes kin recognition at a parasite resistance locus if parasites adapt rapidly to hosts and cause intermediate or high levels of damage (virulence). Additionally, when kin recognition is stabilized at a parasite resistance locus, this can have an additional cost of making hosts more susceptible to parasites. However, we show that if the genetic architecture is allowed to evolve, meaning natural selection can choose the recognition locus, genetic kin recognition is more likely to be stable. The reason for this is that host–parasite coevolution can maintain tag diversity at another (neutral) locus by genetic hitchhiking, allowing that other locus to be used for genetic kin recognition. These results suggest a way that host–parasite coevolution can resolve Crozier’s paradox, without making hosts more susceptible to parasites. However, the opportunity for multiple social encounters may provide a more robust resolution of Crozier’s paradox.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2000.0716
发表时间：
2000-11-29
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Barton, NH
通讯作者：
Barton, NH
影响因子：
2
作者：
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影响因子：
2.9
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影响因子：
9.2
作者：
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2002.2193
发表时间：
2003-02-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Agrawal, AF;Lively, CM
通讯作者：
Lively, CM