Simultaneous quantification of N2, NH3 and N2O emissions from a flooded paddy field under different N fertilization regimes
Simultaneous quantification of N2, NH3 and N2O emissions from a flooded paddy field under different N fertilization regimes
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不同施氮方式下淹水稻田的 N2、NH3 和 N2O 排放量的同步定量
DOI：
10.1111/gcb.14958
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Xiaoyuan Yan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Longlong Xia;Xiaobo Li;Qianqian Ma;Shu Kee Lam;Benjamin Wolf;Ralf Kiese;Klaus Butterbach-Bahl;Deli Chen;Zhian Li;Xiaoyuan Yan
氮素排放，尤其是二氮和氨的排放一直被认为是淹水稻田氮素损失的主要途径。然而，没有研究同时评估的整体响应的气态氮损失，以改善氮肥的做法，由于直接测量稻田土壤中的N2排放的困难。我们同时量化了整个水稻生长季节中国南方一个淹水稻田的N2（使用膜入口质谱法）、NH3和一氧化二氮（N2 O）排放。田间试验包括3个处理：对照处理（不施氮）和2种施氮方法（220 kg N/ha）、传统的氮肥表施和氮肥入土。结果表明，水稻生长季内，表施氮素累积损失量分别占施氮量的13.5%（N2）、19.1%（NH3）、0.2%（N2 O）和32.8%（总损失量）。与地面施肥相比，土壤中施用氮肥使NH3、N2和N2 O的排放量分别减少了14.2%、13.3%和42.5%。总的来说，施入氮肥显著减少了13.8%的气态氮损失，提高了14.4%的氮肥利用率，增加了13.9%的水稻产量，降低了24.3%的气态氮损失强度（气态氮损失/产量）。我们的研究结果表明，将氮肥掺入土壤中是一种有效的农业管理措施，以确保粮食安全和环境的可持续性在淹水稻田生态系统。
Gaseous nitrogen (N) emissions, especially emissions of dinitrogen (N2) and ammonia (NH3), have long been considered as the major pathways of N loss from flooded rice paddies. However, no studies have simultaneously evaluated the overall response of gaseous N losses to improved N fertilization practices due to the difficulties to directly measure N2 emissions from paddy soils. We simultaneously quantified emissions of N2 (using membrane inlet mass spectrometry), NH3 and nitrous oxide (N2O) from a flooded paddy field in southern China over an entire rice‐growing season. Our field experiment included three treatments: a control treatment (no N addition) and two N fertilizer (220 kg N/ha) application methods, the traditional surface application of N fertilizer and the incorporation of N fertilizer into the soil. Our results show that over the rice‐growing season, the cumulative gaseous N losses from the surface application treatment accounted for 13.5% (N2), 19.1% (NH3), 0.2% (N2O) and 32.8% (total gaseous N loss) of the applied N fertilizer. Compared with the surface application treatment, the incorporation of N fertilizer into the soil decreased the emissions of NH3, N2 and N2O by 14.2%, 13.3% and 42.5%, respectively. Overall, the incorporation of N fertilizer into the soil significantly reduced the total gaseous N loss by 13.8%, improved the fertilizer N use efficiency by 14.4%, increased the rice yield by 13.9% and reduced the gaseous N loss intensity (gaseous N loss/rice yield) by 24.3%. Our results indicate that the incorporation of N fertilizer into the soil is an effective agricultural management practice in ensuring food security and environmental sustainability in flooded paddy ecosystems.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
R. Venterea;Adam J Stanenas
通讯作者：
R. Venterea;Adam J Stanenas
影响因子：
10.1
作者：
Keesing, F
通讯作者：
Keesing, F
通过改善中国集约农业系统的氮肥管理来降低环境风险
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0813417106
发表时间：
2009-03-03
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ju, Xiao-Tang;Xing, Guang-Xi;Zhang, Fu-Suo
通讯作者：
Zhang, Fu-Suo
影响因子：
4
作者：
Marcus Zistl-Schlingmann;Jinchao Feng;R. Kiese;R. Stephan;Pablo Zuazo;G. Willibald;Changhui Wang
通讯作者：
Marcus Zistl-Schlingmann;Jinchao Feng;R. Kiese;R. Stephan;Pablo Zuazo;G. Willibald;Changhui Wang
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Cai, GX;Chen, DL;Zhu, ZL
通讯作者：
Zhu, ZL