Spatial patterns of seismogenic faulting in northeastern Asia
Spatial patterns of seismogenic faulting in northeastern Asia
复制标题
东北亚发震断裂的空间格局
DOI：
10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103704
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
Wang-Ping Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang-Ping Chen
60年的地震活动、超过45年的中到大地震断层面解以及最近的高分辨率地形数据库的结合描绘了东北亚发震断层的空间格局。在这里，我将新知识与区域背景下的已知特征相结合。走滑断层活动的特点是沿着北方和东南部的边缘，以及这个广阔的地区的内部变形;而正常和储备断层分别占主导地位的西北/西南和东部边缘。在库页岛-北海道剪切带和东日本海褶皱-冲断带中，沿着持续存在一致的逆冲断层和反向孕震断层，其长度分别超过1000 km，但不是贯通断层。后者沿日本西南部的北中国剪切带向南沿着过渡为走滑断层，并继续向南进入九州。与此同时，真正的陆内走滑的郯庐断裂带达到约2000公里的连续长度。断层面的解决方案，包括最近发生在1668年大陆内大地震附近的一个事件，为这条长断层的右旋滑动性质提供了急需的新证据，古地震研究证实整个断层都是孕震的。与此同时，在华北盆地其他地方，长度不到200公里的走滑断层的活动段也是造成毁灭性地震的原因。这些观测结果值得注意，因为根据全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）的测量，在整个研究区域3000公里的长度尺度上，目前的地面速度仅为3-4毫米/年。特别值得关注的地区包括：1）韩国东海岸，最近发生的中等地震破坏了活动断层系统的一小部分，该系统具有一系列向南延伸的陡峭断层陡坎，靠近釜山大都市区; 2）华北盆地，历史上强烈的地震活动与自1976年以来持续的平静形成对比。总体而言，没有大陆块体，包括阿穆尔微板块，是明确的，只有海洋日本海表现出很小的内部变形。
A combination of 60 years of seismicity, over 45 years of fault plane solutions of moderate-sized to large earthquakes, and recent databases of high-resolution topography delineate spatial patterns of seismogenic faulting in northeastern Asia. Here I synthesize new knowledge with known features in a regional context. Strike-slip faulting characterizes active deformation along the northern and southeastern margins, as well as the interior of this vast region; while normal and reserve faulting dominate its northwestern/southwestern and eastern margins, respectively. Consistent patterns of transpressive and reverse seismogenic faulting persist along the Sakhalin-Hokkaido shear zone and the Eastern Japan Sea fold-and-thrust belt over lengths of over 1000 km each, respectively, but not as throughgoing faults. The latter transitions into strike-slip faulting farther south along the North Chugoku shear zone in southwestern Japan and continues southward into Kyushu. Meanwhile, the true intra-continental, strike-slip Tanlu fault zone reaches an uninterrupted length of about 2000 km. Fault plane solutions, including one from a recent event near the great intra-continental earthquake of 1668, provided much-needed new evidence for the dextral-slip nature of this long fault and a paleo-seismic study confirmed that the entire fault is seismogenic. Meanwhile, active segments of strike-slip faults elsewhere in the North China basin, of lengths less than about 200 km, have been responsible for devastating earthquakes. These observations are noteworthy as the current speed of the ground, based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements, is only 3–4 mm/yr over a length-scale of 3000 km in the entire area of study. Regions of particular concern include: 1) The east coast of South Korea where recent, moderate earthquakes ruptured small sections of an active fault system that has a set of sharp fault scarps extending southward near the metropolitan area of Busan; and 2) the North China basin where intense historical seismicity contrasts with quiescence that persisted since 1976. Overall, no continental block, including the Amurian microplate, is well defined and only the oceanic Japan Sea exhibits little internal deformation.
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DOI：
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影响因子：
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