PARG is dispensable for recovery from transient replicative stress but required to prevent detrimental accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) upon prolonged replicative stress.

PARG is dispensable for recovery from transient replicative stress but required to prevent detrimental accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) upon prolonged replicative stress.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gku505
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发表时间:
2014-07
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Schreiber V
Schreiber V
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Illuzzi G;Fouquerel E;Amé JC;Noll A;Rehmet K;Nasheuer HP;Dantzer F;Schreiber V

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聚(ADP-核糖基)化参与许多生物过程,包括 DNA 修复、转录和细胞死亡。聚(ADP-核糖)(PAR)的细胞水平由 PAR 聚合酶(PARP)和降解酶 PAR 糖水解酶(PARG)调节,响应 DNA 损伤控制细胞生与死的命运决定。复制压力是 DNA 损伤的一个来源,导致复制叉短暂停滞或崩溃,随后产生双链断裂 (DSB)。 PARP-1 参与复制应激反应已被描述,但 PAR 分解代谢失调的后果尚未明确。在这里,我们发现 PARG 缺失的细胞对复制抑制剂羟基脲表现出增强的敏感性。 PARG 对于从短暂的复制压力中恢复是可有可无的,但对于避免在长期复制压力、导致分叉崩溃和 DSB 的情况下避免大量 PAR 产生是必要的。大量的 PAR 积累会损害复制蛋白 A 与折叠叉的关联,从而导致同源重组导致 DSB 修复受损。我们的结果强调了 PARG 在严格控制基因毒性应激产生的 PAR 水平以防止 PAR 过度积累的有害影响方面的关键作用。
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is involved in numerous bio-logical processes including DNA repair, transcription and cell death. Cellular levels of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) are regulated by PAR polymerases (PARPs) and the degrading enzyme PAR glycohydrolase (PARG), controlling the cell fate decision between life and death in response to DNA damage. Replication stress is a source of DNA damage, leading to transient stalling of replication forks or to their collapse followed by the generation of double-strand breaks (DSB). The involvement of PARP-1 in replicative stress response has been described, whereas the consequences of a deregulated PAR catabolism are not yet well established. Here, we show that PARG-deprived cells showed an enhanced sensitivity to the replication inhibitor hydroxyurea. PARG is dispensable to recover from transient replicative stress but is necessary to avoid massive PAR production upon prolonged replicative stress, conditions leading to fork collapse and DSB. Extensive PAR accumulation impairs replication protein A association with collapsed forks resulting in compromised DSB repair via homologous recombination. Our results highlight the critical role of PARG in tightly controlling PAR levels produced upon genotoxic stress to prevent the detrimental effects of PAR over-accumulation.
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