The COVID-19 pandemic and the health of people who use illicit opioids in New York City, the first 12 months.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the health of people who use illicit opioids in New York City, the first 12 months.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103554
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Elliott L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett AS;Townsend T;Elliott L
美国同时发生的阿片类药物过量和新冠肺炎危机给使用非法阿片类药物的人带来了前所未有的挑战。利用2020年4月至2021年3月期间324名使用非法阿片类药物的人的经验，我们检查了新冠肺炎可能影响健康和福祉的四个领域：药物风险和反应、医疗保健及相关服务、物质困难和精神健康。数据来自参与者完成的月度调查评估，这些评估被分为四个对正在展开的大流行感兴趣的时期：2020年4月至6月、2020年7月至10月、2021年11月至1月和2021年2月至3月。我们四个领域的大多数衡量标准都显示出早期的新冠肺炎相关影响，随着人们和机构对大流行的反应，这种影响迅速减弱。获得食物困难是最常被报道的物质困难，在2020年4月至6月似乎最严重。超过一半的人报告说在2020年4月至6月期间患有抑郁症，但在研究期间这一比例有所下降。一些与会者报告了海洛因供应的变化，包括更高的价格、更低的质量、难以找到毒品以及芬太尼污染。每种物质的使用频率或戒断症状的频率没有明显的时间变化。在研究期间，每月平均过量药物的数量减少，而同时有证人和纳洛酮在场的阿片类药物使用事件(即受保护事件)的百分比增加。大多数接受Moud的参与者都经历了带回家的剂量的增加。研究结果表明，作为经历过创伤和危机的人群，吸毒者的韧性很强，也说明了纽约市卫生机构和服务提供者与这一人群合作的快速反应。尽管有明显的适应性和复原力迹象，但新冠肺炎大流行突显了使用非法阿片类药物的人的一些独特脆弱性，需要更高的“保护性”阿片类药物使用率和更多可获得的综合服务，以有效满足人口的安全、食品保障、心理健康和治疗需求。
Concurrent opioid-related overdose and COVID-19 crises in the U.S. have imposed unprecedented challenges on people who use illicit opioids. Using the experiences of 324 people who use illicit opioids between April 2020 and March 2021, we examined four domains of health and well-being potentially impacted by COVID-19: drug risks and responses, healthcare and related services, material hardship, and mental health. Data were drawn from participants’ completed monthly survey assessments which were grouped into four periods of interest for the unfolding pandemic: April-June 2020, July-October 2020, November-January 2021, and February-March 2021. A majority of measures in our four domains showed early COVID-19 related impacts, which quickly diminished as people and agencies responded to the pandemic. Difficulty obtaining food was the most frequently reported material hardship and appeared worst in April-June 2020. Over half of the population reported depression in April-June 2020, but this declined over the study period. Some participants reported changes to the heroin supply, including higher prices, lower quality, difficulty finding the drug, and fentanyl contamination. There was no discernable temporal shift in the frequency of use of each substance or the frequency of withdrawal symptoms. Over the study period, the mean number of overdoses per month decreased while the percent of opioid use events at which both a witness and naloxone were present (i.e., protected events) increased. Most participants receiving MOUD experienced an increase in take-home doses. Findings speak to the resilience of people who use drugs as a population with disproportionate experience of trauma and crisis and also to the rapid response of NYC health agencies and service providers working with this population. Despite evident signs of adaptability and resilience, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted some of the unique vulnerabilities of people who use illicit opioids and the need for greater rates of “protected” opioid use and greater availability of wrap-around services to efficiently address the safety, food security, mental health, and treatment needs of the population.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Brothers, Sarah;Viera, Adam;Heimer, Robert
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102958
发表时间：
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期刊：
The International journal on drug policy
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