Chemokine Receptor Antagonists Prevent and Reverse Cofilin-Actin Rod Pathology and Protect Synapses in Cultured Rodent and Human iPSC-Derived Neurons.

Chemokine Receptor Antagonists Prevent and Reverse Cofilin-Actin Rod Pathology and Protect Synapses in Cultured Rodent and Human iPSC-Derived Neurons.
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DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines12010093
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发表时间:
2024-01-01
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Bamburg, James R.
Bamburg, James R.
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kuhn, Thomas B.;Minamide, Laurie S.;Tahtamouni, Lubna H.;Alderfer, Sydney A.;Walsh, Keifer P.;Shaw, Alisa E.;Yanouri, Omar;Haigler, Henry J.;Ruff, Michael R.;Bamburg, James R.

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突触丢失是阿尔茨海默病(AD)和相关疾病(ADRD)中认知下降的主要原因。突触的发育依赖于神经元细胞骨架的复杂动力学。Cofilin是调节肌动蛋白动力学的主要蛋白质,可以被隔离到Cofilactin棒中,Cofilin饱和的肌动蛋白丝的神经突内束可以破坏囊泡运输并导致突触丢失。视杆细胞是人类AD以及AD和ADRD小鼠模型中的一种脑病理学。消除棒是本文的重点。在约20%的啮齿动物海马神经元中,疾病相关因素(例如,淀粉样蛋白-β(Aβ)的可溶性寡聚体),并且需要细胞朊病毒蛋白(PrPC)、活性NADPH氧化酶(NOX)和细胞因子/趋化因子受体(CCR)。FDA批准的CXCR 4和CCR 5拮抗剂可抑制啮齿动物和人类神经元中Aβ诱导的视杆细胞,有效浓度为1-10 nM,可使视杆细胞减少50%(EC 50)。值得注意的是,两种D-氨基酸受体活性肽(RAP-103和RAP-310)抑制Aβ诱导的视杆细胞,在小鼠神经元中的EC 50约为1 pM,在人神经元中约为0.1 pM。这些肽是D-Ala-肽T-酰胺(DAPTA)的类似物,并且共享拮抗几种CCR依赖性应答的五肽序列(TTNYT)。RAP-103即使在1 μM时也不抑制神经突发生或生长,比其EC 50高106倍。N-末端甲基化,或D-Thr到D-Ser取代,使RAP-103的视杆细胞抑制效力降低103倍,表明高靶特异性。RAP肽均不抑制兴奋毒性谷氨酸诱导的神经元杆形成,但均抑制几种PrPC/NOX通路激活剂(Aβ、HIV-gp 120蛋白和IL-6)在人类神经元中诱导的杆。值得注意的是,RAP-103完全防止Aβ诱导的成熟和发育中突触的丧失,并且在0.1 nM时,即使在Aβ持续存在的情况下,也逆转啮齿动物和人类神经元(T1/2 ~ 3 h)中的视杆细胞。因此,这种口服可利用的脑渗透性肽在减少具有通过PrPC/NOX起作用的混合蛋白质病的多因素神经系统疾病中的视杆病理学方面应该是高度有效的。
Synapse loss is the principal cause of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related disorders (ADRD). Synapse development depends on the intricate dynamics of the neuronal cytoskeleton. Cofilin, the major protein regulating actin dynamics, can be sequestered into cofilactin rods, intra-neurite bundles of cofilin-saturated actin filaments that can disrupt vesicular trafficking and cause synaptic loss. Rods are a brain pathology in human AD and mouse models of AD and ADRD. Eliminating rods is the focus of this paper. One pathway for rod formation is triggered in ~20% of rodent hippocampal neurons by disease-related factors (e.g., soluble oligomers of Amyloid-β (Aβ)) and requires cellular prion protein (PrPC), active NADPH oxidase (NOX), and cytokine/chemokine receptors (CCRs). FDA-approved antagonists of CXCR4 and CCR5 inhibit Aβ-induced rods in both rodent and human neurons with effective concentrations for 50% rod reduction (EC50) of 1–10 nM. Remarkably, two D-amino acid receptor-active peptides (RAP-103 and RAP-310) inhibit Aβ-induced rods with an EC50 of ~1 pM in mouse neurons and ~0.1 pM in human neurons. These peptides are analogs of D-Ala-Peptide T-Amide (DAPTA) and share a pentapeptide sequence (TTNYT) antagonistic to several CCR-dependent responses. RAP-103 does not inhibit neuritogenesis or outgrowth even at 1 µM, >106-fold above its EC50. N-terminal methylation, or D-Thr to D-Ser substitution, decreases the rod-inhibiting potency of RAP-103 by 103-fold, suggesting high target specificity. Neither RAP peptide inhibits neuronal rod formation induced by excitotoxic glutamate, but both inhibit rods induced in human neurons by several PrPC/NOX pathway activators (Aβ, HIV-gp120 protein, and IL-6). Significantly, RAP-103 completely protects against Aβ-induced loss of mature and developing synapses and, at 0.1 nM, reverses rods in both rodent and human neurons (T½ ~ 3 h) even in the continuous presence of Aβ. Thus, this orally available, brain-permeable peptide should be highly effective in reducing rod pathology in multifactorial neurological diseases with mixed proteinopathies acting through PrPC/NOX.
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