Brain Activation Changes While Walking in Adults with and without Neurological Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Studies.
Brain Activation Changes While Walking in Adults with and without Neurological Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Studies.
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci11030291
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发表时间：
2021-02-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hernandez ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bishnoi A;Holtzer R;Hernandez ME
(1)功能性近红外光谱(FNIRS)为监测成年神经系统疾病患者行走时脑活动的变化提供了一种有用的工具。当与双重任务行走范例相结合时，fNIRS允许监测当个人同时处理多项任务时大脑激活的变化。然而，双重任务范式、基线和大脑皮层区域覆盖率的不同，给主要发现的解释带来了不确定性。(2)方法：通过对35项研究的系统回顾和对17项研究中75项效应大小的荟萃分析，我们发现行走时的障碍行走、连续减法和字母生成任务相对于站立或行走基线显著增加了前额叶皮质的脑激活。(3)结果：总体上，我们发现字母生成任务相对于行走具有最大的脑激活效应，在多发性硬化症和中风患者中，双任务步态和单任务步态存在显著差异。(4)结论：患有神经系统疾病的老年人通常表现出大脑激活的增加，这表明在双重任务行走中使用更多的注意力资源，这可能会导致摔倒风险和行动障碍的增加。普洛斯佩罗ID：235228。
(1) Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides a useful tool for monitoring brain activation changes while walking in adults with neurological disorders. When combined with dual task walking paradigms, fNIRS allows for changes in brain activation to be monitored when individuals concurrently attend to multiple tasks. However, differences in dual task paradigms, baseline, and coverage of cortical areas, presents uncertainty in the interpretation of the overarching findings. (2) Methods: By conducting a systematic review of 35 studies and meta-analysis of 75 effect sizes from 17 studies on adults with or without neurological disorders, we show that the performance of obstacle walking, serial subtraction and letter generation tasks while walking result in significant increases in brain activation in the prefrontal cortex relative to standing or walking baselines. (3) Results: Overall, we find that letter generation tasks have the largest brain activation effect sizes relative to walking, and that significant differences between dual task and single task gait are seen in persons with multiple sclerosis and stroke. (4) Conclusions: Older adults with neurological disease generally showed increased brain activation suggesting use of more attentional resources during dual task walking, which could lead to increased fall risk and mobility impairments. PROSPERO ID: 235228.
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