Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the host cell inflammasome: a complex relationship.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the host cell inflammasome: a complex relationship.
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DOI:
10.3389/fcimb.2013.00062
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Shah S
Shah S
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Briken V;Ahlbrand SE;Shah S

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结核分枝杆菌 (Mtb) 感染期间 IL-1β 的产生对于成功的宿主免疫防御非常重要。在巨噬细胞和树突状细胞中,宿主细胞炎性体对于响应 Mtb 感染而产生分泌性 IL-1β 至关重要。在这些细胞类型中,Mtb 感染仅激活 NLRP3 炎症小体。新报告表明,一氧化氮在 NLRP3 炎症小体的负调节中具有重要功能,可减少 Mtb 感染期间的组织损伤。 I 型干扰素 IFN-β 在 Mtb 感染后被诱导,也可以抑制 NLRP3 炎症小体的激活。相反,在感染土拉弗朗西斯菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌等细胞内病原体后,IFN-β 会增加 AIM2 炎症小体的活性。最近的结果表明,非结核分枝杆菌而不是有毒力的 Mtb 在 IFN-β 依赖性物质中诱导 AIM2 炎症小体。事实上,Mtb 通过其 ESX-1 分泌系统抑制 AIM2 炎症小体激活。这种新颖的免疫逃避机制可能有助于 Mtb 诱导低水平的 IFN-β 来抑制 NLRP3 炎症小体,而不激活 AIM2 炎症小体。
The production of IL-1β during the infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is important for successful host immune defense. In macrophages and dendritic cells the host cell inflammasome is crucial for generation of secreted IL-1β in response to Mtb infections. In these cell types Mtb infection only activates the NLRP3-inflammasome. New reports demonstrate that nitric oxide has an important function in the negative regulation of the NLRP3-inflammasome to reduce tissue damage during Mtb infections. The type I interferon, IFN-β, is induced after Mtb infections and can also suppress NLRP3-inflammasome activation. In contrast, IFN-β increases activity of the AIM2-inflammasome after infection with intracellular pathogens such as Francisella tularensis and Listeria monocytogenes. Recent results demonstrate that non-tuberculous mycobacteria but not virulent Mtb induce the AIM2-inflammasome in an IFN-β dependent matter. Indeed, Mtb inhibits AIM2-inflammasome activation via its ESX-1 secretion system. This novel immune evasion mechanism may help Mtb to allow the induction of low levels of IFN-β to suppress the NLRP3-inflammasome without activating the AIM2-inflammasome.
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