Variation in how cognitive control modulates sentence processing.
Variation in how cognitive control modulates sentence processing.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.211969
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
先前的研究表明，至少在某些情况下，认知控制可以帮助理解在不同解释之间产生冲突的句子。然而，结果的混合模式表明，认知控制可能并不总是准确理解所必需的。我们测试了语言处理的认知控制招募是否具有系统性变化，这取决于句子歧义或冲突的类型、认知控制的个体差异和任务需求。参与者在一个基于网络的实验中完成了两个环节。第一阶段使用交错Stroop和句子理解测验来测试冲突调节。关键句包含语法-语义或短语-附件冲突。在第二阶段，参与者完成了三个认知控制和三个工作记忆任务。采用探索性因素分析，对认知控制因素和工作记忆因素进行个体差异指数分析。在群体水平上，语法-语义冲突和短语-依恋冲突均不存在显著的冲突调节效应。在个体差异水平上，认知控制因素与离线理解准确度相关，而与在线处理测度无关。综上所述，研究结果表明认知控制在句子加工中的作用可能因任务要求而异。当需要公开决策时，认知控制的个体差异可能会产生影响，因此更好的认知控制会导致更好的语言理解表现。研究结果增加了冲突调节的混合证据，并提出了认知控制影响在线加工的情况的问题。
Prior research suggests that cognitive control can assist the comprehension of sentences that create conflict between interpretations, at least under some circumstances. However, the mixed pattern of results suggests that cognitive control may not always be necessary for accurate comprehension. We tested whether cognitive control recruitment for language processing is systematically variable, depending on the type of sentential ambiguity or conflict, individual differences in cognitive control, and task demands. Participants completed two sessions in a web-based experiment. The first session tested conflict modulation using interleaved Stroop and sentence comprehension trials. Critical sentences contained syntax-semantics or phrase-attachment conflict. In the second session, participants completed three cognitive control and three working memory tasks. Exploratory factor analysis was used to index individual differences in a cognitive control factor and a working memory factor. At the group level, there were no significant conflict modulation effects for either syntax-semantics or phrase-attachment conflict. At the individual differences level, the cognitive control factor correlated with offline comprehension accuracy but not online processing measures for both types of conflict. Together, the results suggest that the role of cognitive control in sentence processing may vary according to task demands. When overt decisions are required, individual differences in cognitive control may matter such that better cognitive control results in better language comprehension performance. The results add to the mixed evidence on conflict modulation and raise questions about the situations under which cognitive control influences online processing.
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