Neuronal matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a determinant of selective neurodegeneration.

Neuronal matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a determinant of selective neurodegeneration.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.009
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发表时间:
2014-01-22
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Henderson CE
Henderson CE
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kaplan A;Spiller KJ;Towne C;Kanning KC;Choe GT;Geber A;Akay T;Aebischer P;Henderson CE

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选择性神经元丢失是神经退行性疾病的标志。在肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)患者中,大多数运动神经元死亡,但那些支配眼外肌、骨盆括约肌和慢肢肌的运动神经元表现出选择性抵抗。我们鉴定了 18 个基因,这些基因在抵抗性运动神经元和脆弱性运动神经元之间表现出 >10 倍的差异表达。其中一种基质金属蛋白酶 9 (MMP-9) 仅由快速运动神经元表达,而快速运动神经元是选择性脆弱的。在表达突变型 SOD1 的 ALS 模型小鼠中,通过基因消融、病毒基因治疗或药物抑制来降低 MMP-9 功能可显着延迟肌肉去神经。在突变型 SOD1 存在的情况下,快速运动神经元本身表达的 MMP-9 会增强 ER 应激的激活,并足以引发轴突死亡。这些发现将 MMP-9 定义为 ALS 的候选治疗靶点。因此,神经元多样性的分子基础为神经变性选择性脆弱性的机制提供了新的见解。
Selective neuronal loss is the hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. In patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), most motor neurons die but those innervating extraocular, pelvic sphincter and slow limb muscles exhibit selective resistance. We identified 18 genes that show >10-fold differential expression between resistant and vulnerable motor neurons. One of these, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), is expressed only by fast motor neurons, which are selectively vulnerable. In ALS model mice expressing mutant SOD1, reduction of MMP-9 function using gene ablation, viral gene therapy or pharmacological inhibition significantly delayed muscle denervation. In the presence of mutant SOD1, MMP-9 expressed by fast motor neurons themselves enhances activation of ER stress and is sufficient to trigger axonal die-back. These findings define MMP-9 as a candidate therapeutic target for ALS. The molecular basis of neuronal diversity thus provides novel insights into mechanisms of selective vulnerability to neurodegeneration.
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