High-Fidelity Measurement of a Superconducting Qubit Using an On-Chip Microwave Photon Counter

High-Fidelity Measurement of a Superconducting Qubit Using an On-Chip Microwave Photon Counter
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使用片上微波光子计数器对超导量子位进行高保真测量

DOI:
10.1103/physrevx.11.011027
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
12.5
通讯作者:
Megrant, A.
Megrant, A.
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Opremcak, A.;Liu, C. H.;Wilen, C.;Okubo, K.;Christensen, B. G.;Sank, D.;White, T. C.;Vainsencher, A.;Giustina, M.;Megrant, A.

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我们描述了一种使用片上微波光子计数器对超导量子比特进行高保真测量的方法。该协议依赖于色散耦合测量谐振器的瞬态响应,以将量子位的状态映射到以大的差分光子占据为特征的“亮”和“暗”腔指针状态。在此映射之后,我们使用约瑟夫森光电倍增管光电探测谐振器,当腔光子占用超过一定阈值时,该光电倍增管在经典可区分的通量状态之间转换。我们的技术提供了在毫开尔文阶段的投影量子测量的二进制结果,而不需要在室温下的量子限制的预放大和阈值。我们实现了原始的单次测量保真度超过98%,在多个样品使用这种方法在总测量时间在500 ns以下。此外,我们表明,与我们的测量协议相关的反作用和串扰可以通过利用约瑟夫森光电倍增管本身的固有阻尼来减轻。
We describe an approach to the high-fidelity measurement of a superconducting qubit using an on-chip microwave photon counter. The protocol relies on the transient response of a dispersively coupled measurement resonator to map the state of the qubit to “bright” and “dark” cavity pointer states that are characterized by a large differential photon occupation. Following this mapping, we photodetect the resonator using the Josephson photomultiplier, which transitions between classically distinguishable flux states when cavity photon occupation exceeds a certain threshold. Our technique provides access to the binary outcome of projective quantum measurement at the millikelvin stage without the need for quantum-limited preamplification and thresholding at room temperature. We achieve raw single-shot measurement fidelity in excess of 98% across multiple samples using this approach in total measurement times under 500 ns. In addition, we show that the backaction and crosstalk associated with our measurement protocol can be mitigated by exploiting the intrinsic damping of the Josephson photomultiplier itself.
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