Alternative modes of biofilm formation by plant-associated Bacillus cereus.

Alternative modes of biofilm formation by plant-associated Bacillus cereus.
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DOI:
10.1002/mbo3.251
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发表时间:
2015-06
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Losick, Richard
Losick, Richard
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gao, Tantan;Foulston, Lucy;Chai, Yunrong;Wang, Qi;Losick, Richard

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形成被称为生物膜的多细胞群落的能力是细菌的一种广泛的适应行为。芽孢杆菌类细菌的成员已被发现在植物根上形成生物膜,在那里它们可以防止病原体并促进生长。在模式细菌枯草芽孢杆菌的情况下,控制生物膜形成和细胞外基质产生的遗传途径被相对较好地理解。然而,目前还不清楚该属的其他成员是否使用类似的机制。我们确定一株与植物相关的蜡状芽孢杆菌(905)可以通过两条看似独立的途径形成生物膜。在一种涉及漂浮生物膜(膜)形成的模式中,蜡状芽孢杆菌905似乎依赖于许多已知对枯草杆菌生物膜形成重要的基因的同源基因。我们报告说,蜡样芽孢杆菌905也形成水下的表面相关的生物膜,其方式类似于病原体金黄色葡萄球菌的生物膜形成。这种不依赖于枯草杆菌样基因形成薄膜的替代模式,发生在葡萄糖发酵条件下,并依赖于培养基pH值的下降。
The ability to form multicellular communities known as biofilms is a widespread adaptive behavior of bacteria. Members of the Bacillus group of bacteria have been found to form biofilms on plant roots, where they protect against pathogens and promote growth. In the case of the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis the genetic pathway controlling biofilm formation and the production of an extracellular matrix is relatively well understood. However, it is unclear whether other members of this genus utilize similar mechanisms. We determined that a plant-associated strain of Bacillus cereus (905) can form biofilms by two seemingly independent pathways. In one mode involving the formation of floating biofilms (pellicles) B. cereus 905 appears to rely on orthologs of many of the genes known to be important for B. subtilis biofilm formation. We report that B. cereus 905 also forms submerged, surface-associated biofilms and in a manner that resembles biofilm formation by the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. This alternative mode, which does not rely on B. subtilis-like genes for pellicle formation, takes place under conditions of glucose fermentation and depends on a drop in the pH of the medium.
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