Does Eating Vegetables at Start of Meal Prevent Childhood Overweight in Japan? A-CHILD Study.
Does Eating Vegetables at Start of Meal Prevent Childhood Overweight in Japan? A-CHILD Study.
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DOI：
10.3389/fped.2018.00134
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Kato T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tani Y;Fujiwara T;Ochi M;Isumi A;Kato T
背景：由于饮食行为是在生命早期形成的，因此向儿童灌输健康的饮食习惯是很重要的。然而，在现实环境中，还没有公开发表的研究考察在吃饭时习惯先吃的东西对儿童体重的影响。这项研究的目的是调查日本儿童在一餐开始时所吃的食物(蔬菜、米饭/面包、肉/鱼或汤)与儿童超重之间的关系。方法：我们使用的横断面数据来自Adachi儿童健康对生活困难的影响(A-CHILD)研究，这是一项基于人群的研究，涵盖了日本东京市Adachi市所有一年级的学生，该研究于2015年进行。通过问卷调查，我们确定了孩子们在吃饭时首先吃的食物类型。这份问卷由4040名照顾者完成。我们使用相应的学校健康检查数据(身高和体重)来评估每个孩子的超重情况。结果：蔬菜、肉/鱼、米饭/面包、汤、待定(变量)等食物的首次消费比例分别为11.6%、23.3%、25.4%、9.8%和29.9%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，先吃肉/鱼的儿童与先吃蔬菜的儿童相比，超重的优势比为1.83(95%CI：1.27~2.64，p<；0.01)。相比之下，先吃米饭/面包或汤的儿童与先吃蔬菜的儿童相比，优势比分别为1.11(95%CI：0.76~1.61，p=0.59)和1.29(95%CI：0.83~2.01，p=0.26)。结论：饭前吃肉/鱼的孩子比饭前吃蔬菜的孩子更有可能超重。需要进一步的研究来调查一餐食物的消费顺序如何影响儿童体重状况的机制。
Background: Because eating behaviors are established early in life, it is important to instill healthy eating habits in children. However, no published studies have examined the effects of what is habitually consumed first at a meal on children's body weight in real settings. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between what was consumed (vegetables, rice/bread, meat/fish, or soup) at the start of a meal and childhood overweight in Japan. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) study, a population-based study comprising all first-grade students in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan, performed in 2015. Through a questionnaire, we identified what types of food children ate first at meals. The questionnaire was completed by 4,040 caregivers. We used corresponding school health check-up data (height and weight) to assess overweight in each child. Results: The proportions of what was consumed first at a meal were 11.6, 23.3, 25.4, 9.8, and 29.9% for vegetables, meat/fish, rice/bread, soup, and undetermined (variable), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed the odds ratio of being overweight was 1.83 in children who ate meat/fish first (95% CI: 1.27–2.64, p < 0.01) compared with children who ate vegetables first. In contrast, the odds ratios in children who consumed rice/bread or soup first compared with children who ate vegetables first were 1.11 (95% CI: 0.76–1.61, p = 0.59) and 1.29 (95% CI: 0.83–2.01, p = 0.26), respectively. Conclusion: Children who eat meat/fish at the start of a meal are more likely to be overweight than those who eat vegetables at the start of a meal. Future studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms of how the order in which food is consumed at a meal affects weight status in children.
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