Perceptual inference is impaired in individuals with ASD and intact in individuals who have lost the autism diagnosis.
Perceptual inference is impaired in individuals with ASD and intact in individuals who have lost the autism diagnosis.
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感知推理在患有自闭症的个体中受损，而在失去自闭症诊断的个体中则完好无损。
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-72896-6
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发表时间：
2020-10-13
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Eigsti IM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaffe-Dax S;Eigsti IM
除了表征其诊断的症状外，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者在简单的感知辨别任务中表现出更好的表现。通常归因于上级感官灵敏度，增强的性能也可能反映对先前感知的刺激的较弱的偏见。这项研究探讨了一组失去自闭症诊断（LAD）的个体的知觉推理;也就是说，他们在幼儿期被诊断为ASD，但目前没有ASD症状。LAD、当前ASD和典型发展中（TD）参与者的组完成了听觉辨别任务。TD的个人表现出对先前感知的刺激的偏见，一个知觉过程称为"收缩偏见"，也就是说，他们的代表性的一个给定的音调是对前面的审判刺激收缩的方式是贝叶斯最优的。同样，LAD组的个体表现出收缩偏倚。相比之下，患有ASD的个体表现出较弱的收缩偏差，这表明感知推理减少。这些研究结果表明，LAD的特征变化超出了ASD的社会和沟通症状，影响感知领域。在ASD发展的早期测量感知处理将挖掘感知和神经学领域变化之间的因果关系。此外，知觉推理的表征可以揭示复杂高级行为中有意义的个体差异。
Beyond the symptoms which characterize their diagnoses, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show enhanced performance in simple perceptual discrimination tasks. Often attributed to superior sensory sensitivities, enhanced performance may also reflect a weaker bias towards previously perceived stimuli. This study probes perceptual inference in a group of individuals who have lost the autism diagnosis (LAD); that is, they were diagnosed with ASD in early childhood but have no current ASD symptoms. Groups of LAD, current ASD, and typically developing (TD) participants completed an auditory discrimination task. Individuals with TD showed a bias towards previously perceived stimuli—a perceptual process called “contraction bias”; that is, their representation of a given tone was contracted towards the preceding trial stimulus in a manner that is Bayesian optimal. Similarly, individuals in the LAD group showed a contraction bias. In contrast, individuals with current ASD showed a weaker contraction bias, suggesting reduced perceptual inferencing. These findings suggest that changes that characterize LAD extend beyond the social and communicative symptoms of ASD, impacting perceptual domains. Measuring perceptual processing earlier in development in ASD will tap the causality between changes in perceptual and symptomatological domains. Further, the characterization of perceptual inference could reveal meaningful individual differences in complex high-level behaviors.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Irvine CA;Eigsti IM;Fein DA
通讯作者：
Fein DA
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Heaton, P
通讯作者：
Heaton, P
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Jaffe-Dax, Sagi;Frenkel, Or;Ahissar, Merav
通讯作者：
Ahissar, Merav
DOI：
10.3758/bf03212696
发表时间：
1972-01-01
期刊：
PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
影响因子：
--
作者：
BULL, AR;CUDDY, LL
通讯作者：
CUDDY, LL
影响因子：
25
作者：
Lieder, Itay;Adam, Vincent;Ahissar, Merav
通讯作者：
Ahissar, Merav