Neuro-cognitive Differences Among Engineering Students when Using Unstructured, Partially Structured, and Structured Design Concept Generation Techniques
Neuro-cognitive Differences Among Engineering Students when Using Unstructured, Partially Structured, and Structured Design Concept Generation Techniques
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工科学生使用非结构化、部分结构化和结构化设计概念生成技术时的神经认知差异
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Gero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mo Hu;Tripp Shealy;J. Gero
本文介绍了一项测量工科学生在使用三种概念生成技术：非结构化(头脑风暴)、部分结构化(形态分析)和结构化(TRIZ)生成解决方案时的神经认知的实验研究结果。12名工科学生被给予相同的三项设计任务和每项任务的三种概念生成技术之一。学生们在产生概念的同时，一个功能强大的近红外光谱系统捕捉到他们大脑前额叶皮质含氧血液中的物理变化。虽然有文献描述了哪些大脑区域支持特定的认知功能，但关于这如何支持设计概念生成以及使用各种技术时认知过程有何不同，人们知之甚少。结果表明，不同的概念生成技术导致不同脑区之间的激活和协调模式显著不同，这可能会影响设计过程中的发散思维和创造力。当使用TRIZ时，观察到左右半球之间的协调性增加，而在头脑风暴中只观察到右半球协调性的增加，在形态分析中只观察到左半球的协调性增加。头脑风暴和TRIZ还导致与抽象推理和认知灵活性相关的大脑区域的认知激活增加。通过更好地理解设计过程中的神经认知模式，未来的研究可以开始探索工程课程中可能有助于学生产生概念和解决工程设计问题的具体元素。这项跨学科的研究旨在产生关于工程设计的对话，并通过神经成像提供一个新的工具，以了解设计认知的差异以及工具、技术和教育的影响。
This paper presents the results from an experimental study measuring engineering students’ neuro-cognition when generating solutions using three concept generation techniques: unstructured (brainstorming), partially structured (morphological analysis), and structured (TRIZ). Twelve engineering students were given the same three design tasks and one of the three concept generation techniques for each task. Students generated concepts while a functional near infrared spectroscopy system captured their physical changes in oxygenated blood to the prefrontal cortex in their brain. While there is literature describing which brain regions support particular cognitive functions, far less is known about how this supports design concept generation and how cognitive processes differ when using various techniques. The results suggest that different concept generation techniques lead to significantly different patterns of activation and coordination among brain regions, which might influence divergent thinking and creativity during design. Increased coordination between the left and right hemisphere was observed when using TRIZ, while an increase in coordination only in the right hemisphere was observed during brainstorming and an increase only in the left hemisphere during morphological analysis. Brainstorming and TRIZ also resulted in an increase in cognitive activation in the region of the brain associated with abstract reasoning and cognitive flexibility. Through better understanding of the neuro-cognitive patterns during design, future research can begin to explore specific elements of the engineering curriculum that may contribute to student ability to generate concepts and solve engineering design problems. This interdisciplinary study is meant to generate conversation about engineering design and offer a new tool through neuroimaging to understand differences in design cognition and the effect of tools, techniques, and education.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Gramann K;Jung TP;Ferris DP;Lin CT;Makeig S
通讯作者：
Makeig S
判断新近度时前额皮质的激活：一项功能性 MRI 研究。
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Zorrilla,LT;Aguirre,GK;Zarahn,E;Cannon,TD;D'Esposito,M
通讯作者：
D'Esposito,M