Stochastic mortality models: an infinite-dimensional approach

Stochastic mortality models: an infinite-dimensional approach
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随机死亡率模型:无限维方法

DOI:
10.1007/s00780-013-0219-2
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
1.7
通讯作者:
S. Tappe
S. Tappe
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Weber;S. Tappe

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对未来死亡率的人口预测涉及高度的不确定性,需要随机死亡率模型。本文研究了由(可能是无限维)Wiener过程和补偿Poisson随机测度驱动的前向死亡率模型。本文的一个主要创新是引入了一个称为远期死亡率改进的过程,它为随机远期死亡率模型的简单构建提供了一个灵活的工具。在实践中,死亡率改善的概念是一个方便的设备,随着时间的推移,死亡率的变化进行量化,并使,例如,检测的cohort effects.We表明,向前的死亡率满足Heath-Jarrow-Morton型的一致性条件,转化为向前的死亡率改善的条件。虽然远期死亡率的一致性条件类似于债券市场背景下的经典条件,但远期死亡率改善的条件具有不同的结构。远期死亡率模型除了时间范围外还包括一个队列参数,这两个维度在远期死亡率改善的一致性模型的动态中是耦合的。为了得到一个统一的框架,我们将伊藤过程的系统,描述远期死亡率和改进。与期限结构模型不同,相应的随机偏微分方程(SPDE)描述的是二维曲面而不是曲线的随机动态。
Demographic projections of future mortality rates involve a high level of uncertainty and require stochastic mortality models. The current paper investigates forward mortality models driven by a (possibly infinite-dimensional) Wiener process and a compensated Poisson random measure. A major innovation of the paper is the introduction of a family of processes called forward mortality improvements which provide a flexible tool for a simple construction of stochastic forward mortality models. In practice, the notion of mortality improvements is a convenient device for the quantification of changes in mortality rates over time, and enables, for example, the detection of cohort effects.We show that the forward mortality rates satisfy Heath–Jarrow–Morton-type consistency conditions which translate to conditions on the forward mortality improvements. While the consistency conditions for the forward mortality rates are analogous to the classical conditions in the context of bond markets, the conditions for the forward mortality improvements possess a different structure. Forward mortality models include a cohort parameter besides the time horizon, and these two dimensions are coupled in the dynamics of consistent models of forward mortality improvements. In order to obtain a unified framework, we transform the systems of Itô processes which describe the forward mortality rates and improvements. In contrast to term structure models, the corresponding stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) describe the random dynamics of two-dimensional surfaces rather than curves.
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