Diastereoselective synthesis, structure and reactivity studies of ferrocenyloxazoline gold(i) and gold(ii) complexes.

Diastereoselective synthesis, structure and reactivity studies of ferrocenyloxazoline gold(i) and gold(ii) complexes.
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二茂铁基恶唑啉金(i)和金(ii)配合物的非对映选择性合成、结构和反应性研究

DOI:
10.1039/c8dt00109j
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发表时间:
--
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
R. Peters
R. Peters
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
J. Holz;M. Ayerbe-García;W. Frey;F. Krupp;R. Peters

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在过去的几十年里,金配合物在软路易斯酸催化方面显示出了巨大的潜力。尽管对金配合物和平面手性金属环进行了深入的研究,但令人惊讶的是,直到本文的研究才报道了对映纯二茂铁金配合物。本文报道了平面手性二茂铁基金(I)配合物的不对称合成。这些双核物种形成螺旋手性十元(NCCCAu)2环,通过亲金相互作用稳定。在超分子固态结构中,观察到具有规则Au⋯Au分离的线性,之字形或螺旋形Au(I)线。溶解的双核实体可以被Au(I)氧化成独特的二茂铁基Au(II)配合物,具有较短的Au(II) -Au (II)键,而二茂铁核心保持完整。然而,我们的初步研究揭示了二茂铁基Au(II)配合物在金源(Me2S)AuCl存在下的平面手性元素方面的构型不稳定性问题。通过系统地研究永久性的σ-供体邻位保护基团,如甲基和三甲基硅基,成功地解决了这一问题。双核Au(I)配合物的氧化也可以通过与卤化溶剂(最好是CHCl3)的氧化加成反应来完成。另外的反应性研究表明,双核金(II)二卤化物配合物也可与反应性烷基卤化物如碘甲烷、苄溴和苄碘化物形成。有趣的是,整个光谱范围的颜色(紫、蓝、绿、黄、红)都被标题配合物所覆盖,这取决于Au(II)配合物中的氧化态和阴离子配体。这对于二茂铁来说是很不寻常的,二茂铁通常在非氧化状态下呈现橙色到红色。
In the last few decades, gold complexes have demonstrated huge potential for soft Lewis acid catalysis. Despite the intensive research on Au complexes and planar chiral metallacycles, enantiopure ferrocenylgold complexes have – surprisingly – not been reported until the studies presented in this article. Herein, we report the asymmetric synthesis of planar chiral ferrocenyl Au(I) complexes. These dinuclear species form helically chiral ten-membered (NCCCAu)2 rings stabilized by aurophilic interactions. In supramolecular solid state structures, linear, zigzag or helical Au(I) wires with regular Au⋯Au separations were observed. The dissolved dinuclear entities could be oxidized by Au(I) to unique ferrocenyl Au(II) complexes featuring short Au(II)–Au(II) bonds, while the ferrocene core remained intact. However, our initial studies revealed the issue of configurational lability of the ferrocenyl Au(II) complexes in terms of the element of planar chirality in the presence of the gold source, (Me2S)AuCl. This was successfully addressed by a systematic study implementing permanent σ-donor ortho-protecting groups such as methyl and trimethylsilyl, which impede an epimerization event. Oxidation of the dinuclear Au(I) complexes was also accomplished by oxidative addition reactions with halogenated solvents, preferably CHCl3. Additional reactivity studies revealed that dinuclear Au(II) dihalide complexes are also formed with reactive alkylhalides such as iodomethane, benzylbromide and benzyliodide. Interestingly, the whole spectral range of colors (violet, blue, green, yellow, and red) is covered by the title complexes depending on the Au oxidation state and the anionic ligands in the Au(II) complexes. This appears to be quite unusual for ferrocenes, which typically adopt orange to red colors in a non-oxidized state.
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