Comparisons between forms of amnesia: some deficits are unique to Korsakoff's syndrome.

Comparisons between forms of amnesia: some deficits are unique to Korsakoff's syndrome.
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不同形式健忘症的比较:某些缺陷是科萨科夫综合征所特有的。

DOI:
10.1037//0278-7393.8.6.560
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发表时间:
1982
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Squire,LR
Squire,LR
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Squire,LR

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对7例酒精性Korsakoff综合征患者(平均年龄51岁)、1例43岁男性脑损伤所致语言失忆症患者(平均年龄38岁)和10例接受双侧ECT治疗的情感性患者(平均年龄38岁)进行了评估,这些患者在失忆症的理论治疗中发挥了重要作用。分别由9名健康酗酒者、6名退伍军人事务部雇员和11名抑郁症患者组成的对照组。患有Korsakoff综合征的Ss与其他患者的不同之处在于:(a)未能表现出PI的释放,(b)对近期事件的时间顺序做出判断的能力受到不成比例的损害。这些缺陷似乎与额叶损伤有关,并叠加在更基本的记忆障碍上。失忆症的理论应该建立在基本的记忆障碍上,而不是建立在这些缺陷上,这些缺陷与失忆症没有必然的关系。失忆症的研究揭示了记忆各方面之间的分离,这也有助于了解大脑中记忆的组织。(55 ref)(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA,版权所有)
Release from proactive interference (PI) and capacities for semantic encoding and temporal order judgment, which have figured prominently in theoretical treatments of the amnesic syndrome, were assessed in 7 patients (mean age 51 yrs) with alcohol Korsakoff's syndrome, the case of a 43-yr-old man with verbal amnesia stemming from a brain injury, and 10 affective patients (mean age 38 yrs) receiving bilateral ECT. Respective control groups consisted of 9 healthy alcoholics, 6 VA employees, and 11 depressed patients. Ss with Korsakoff's syndrome differed from the other patients by (a) failing to exhibit release from PI and (b) being disproportionately impaired in the ability to make judgments about the temporal order of recent events. These deficits appear to be related to frontal lobe damage and are superimposed on a more basic memory disorder. Theories of amnesia should be founded on the basic memory disorder and not on deficits such as these, which have no obligatory relationship to amnesia. Dissociations between aspects of memory, revealed by the study of amnesia, can also shed light on the organization of memory in the brain.(55 ref)(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
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