A cross-species analysis of systemic mediators of repair and complex tissue regeneration.

A cross-species analysis of systemic mediators of repair and complex tissue regeneration.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41536-021-00130-6
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发表时间:
2021-04-01
影响因子:
7.2
通讯作者:
Whited JL
Whited JL
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Losner J;Courtemanche K;Whited JL

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再生是一个优雅而复杂的过程,由本地和远程信号提供信息。目前许多关于再生的研究在很大程度上局限于模式生物的典型队列内的局部调节剂的调查。增强的遗传工具越来越能够在这些模型再生器内实现精确的时间和空间扰动,并且这些主要应用于局部损伤部位内的细胞。与此同时,更新的更广泛的空间调节器的许多方面还没有得到同样程度的审查。最近的研究揭示了环境因素和循环因素对再生过程的重要影响。这些观察结果强调,考虑更系统和可能更广泛的作用线索也将是至关重要的,以充分了解复杂的组织再生。在这篇综述中,我们探讨了系统线索和循环因素影响再生启动,再生过程及其结果的方式。由于这是一个广泛的主题,我们在概念上根据其初始输入将因素划分为外部线索(例如,饥饿和光/暗周期)或内部线索(例如,激素);然而,所有这些输入最终都会导致内部反应。我们考虑在不同的生物体中进行的研究,包括脊椎动物和无脊椎动物。通过对再生的全身介质的分析,我们认为,增加对这些“全身因素”的调查可能会揭示新的见解,这可能会为多种治疗途径铺平道路。
Regeneration is an elegant and complex process informed by both local and long-range signals. Many current studies on regeneration are largely limited to investigations of local modulators within a canonical cohort of model organisms. Enhanced genetic tools increasingly enable precise temporal and spatial perturbations within these model regenerators, and these have primarily been applied to cells within the local injury site. Meanwhile, many aspects of broader spatial regulators of regeneration have not yet been examined with the same level of scrutiny. Recent studies have shed important insight into the significant effects of environmental cues and circulating factors on the regenerative process. These observations highlight that consideration of more systemic and possibly more broadly acting cues will also be critical to fully understand complex tissue regeneration. In this review, we explore the ways in which systemic cues and circulating factors affect the initiation of regeneration, the regenerative process, and its outcome. As this is a broad topic, we conceptually divide the factors based on their initial input as either external cues (for example, starvation and light/dark cycle) or internal cues (for example, hormones); however, all of these inputs ultimately lead to internal responses. We consider studies performed in a diverse set of organisms, including vertebrates and invertebrates. Through analysis of systemic mediators of regeneration, we argue that increased investigation of these “systemic factors” could reveal novel insights that may pave the way for a diverse set of therapeutic avenues.
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