Solving Word Problems using Schemas: A Review of the Literature.

Solving Word Problems using Schemas: A Review of the Literature.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1540-5826.2011.00329.x
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发表时间:
2011-05-01
期刊:
Learning disabilities research & practice : a publication of the Division for Learning Disabilities, Council for Exceptional Children
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Powell SR
Powell SR
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
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作者:
Powell SR

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对于有学习障碍的学生来说,解决应用题是一项艰巨的任务。一种教学方法,已成为一个有效的方法,帮助学生在风险或与LD成为更熟练的解决应用题是使用图式。图式是解决问题的框架。通过图式,学生被教导将问题识别为属于单词问题类型,并应用与该问题类型相匹配的问题解决方法。本文综述了两种针对二、三年级学习困难学生的图式教学方法:基于图式的教学和图式拓展教学。共12个图式研究进行了审查和综合。这两种类型的图式方法提高了学生的词汇问题技能的风险或LD。在此基础上,提出了运用图式进行应用题教学的建议。
Solving word problems is a difficult task for students at-risk for or with learning disabilities (LD). One instructional approach that has emerged as a valid method for helping students at-risk for or with LD to become more proficient at word-problem solving is using schemas. A schema is a framework for solving a problem. With a schema, students are taught to recognize problems as falling within word-problem types and to apply a problem solution method that matches that problem type. This review highlights two schema approaches for 2nd- and 3rd-grade students at-risk for or with LD: schema-based instruction and schema-broadening instruction. A total of 12 schema studies were reviewed and synthesized. Both types of schema approaches enhanced the word-problem skill of students at-risk for or with LD. Based on the review, suggestions are provided for incorporating word-problem instruction using schemas.
数学困难的学生中的补救数字组合和单词问题缺陷:一项随机对照试验。
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