Understanding the timing and variation of greenhouse gas emissions of forest bioenergy systems

Understanding the timing and variation of greenhouse gas emissions of forest bioenergy systems
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了解森林生物能源系统温室气体排放的时间和变化

DOI:
10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.12.019
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Röder M
Röder M
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Röder M

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基于森林的生物能源在减缓气候变化方面发挥着重要作用,可将全球平均气温上升限制在2 °C以下。通过对这三个森林系统进行生命周期评估和森林碳建模,对来自美国、加拿大和西班牙的三个森林生物能源系统的温室气体影响进行了评估。通过计算森林碳储量变化和基于森林的生物能源发电的温室气体净排放平衡,分析了累积排放量。该分析考虑了用生物能源电力替代现有电力组合以及使用和不使用生物能源的森林管理。供应链排放和森林碳平衡表明,温室气体减排是可能的。然而,森林景观规模的累计温室气体净平衡表明,减排潜力有限,轮伐期较短的快速生长森林可能不会减少温室气体,而轮伐期较长的缓慢生长森林系统会导致更大的温室气体减排。这意味着不同的森林系统在不同的时间点提供最大的气候效益。因此,为了评估森林生物能源减缓气候变化的潜力,有必要考虑整个森林及其产品的管理,利用和相关的反事实。在减缓气候变化的潜力和尽量减少可能的负面影响方面,需要多层次的治理。
Forest-based bioenergy plays an important role in climate mitigation for limiting global mean temperature increase to below 2 °C. The greenhouse gas (GHG) impact of three forest-based bioenergy systems from the USA, Canada and Spain supplying wood pellets for electricity in the UK were evaluated by conducting lifecycle assessments and forest carbon modelling of the three forest systems. Cumulative emissions were analysed by calculating the forest carbon stock change and net GHG emissions balance of the forest-based bioenergy electricity. The analysis considered both the replacement of the existing electricity mix with bioenergy electricity and forest management with and without bioenergy use. The supply chain emissions and forest carbon balances indicated that GHG emission reductions are possible. However, the cumulative net GHG balance at forest landscape scale revealed that the reduction potential is limited, potentially with no GHG reductions in fast growing forests with shorter rotations, while slow growing forest systems with longer rotations result in greater GHG reductions. This means that the maximum climate benefit is delivered at a different point in time for different forest systems. To evaluate the climate change mitigation potential of forest-based bioenergy it is therefore necessary to consider the management, utilisation and relevant counterfactual of the whole forest and its products. In terms of climate change mitigation potential and minimising possible negative impacts that would require multi-level governance.
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