Mechanics and contraction dynamics of single platelets and implications for clot stiffening.
Mechanics and contraction dynamics of single platelets and implications for clot stiffening.
复制标题
单个血小板的力学和收缩动力学及其对血块硬化的影响。
作者：
血小板与纤维蛋白聚合物相互作用，在血管损伤部位形成血栓。大量研究表明，凝块是一种活性物质，血小板收缩驱动凝块的收缩和硬化。然而，无论是单血小板收缩的动力学，还是单个血小板的强度和弹性，这两者都是了解凝块材料特性的重要因素，都没有被直接测量。在这里，我们使用原子力显微镜来测量单个血小板的力学和动力学。我们发现，当血小板与纤维蛋白原接触时，它几乎是瞬间收缩的，并在15分钟内完全收缩。单个血小板可产生平均最大29 nN的收缩力，并形成大于70 nN的粘连。我们的测量表明，当暴露在更硬的微环境中时，血小板产生更高的失速力，这表明血小板可能能够更均匀地收缩异质凝块。单个血小板收缩后的高弹性为10kpa，再加上它们的高收缩力，表明凝块可能通过血小板的直接强化以及血小板收缩引起的张力下纤维蛋白的应变硬化而硬化。这些结果表明，单细胞的机械敏感性和力学特性可以用来动态地改变生理系统的材料特性。
Platelets interact with fibrin polymers to form blood clots at sites of vascular injury. Bulk studies have shown clots to be active materials, with platelet contraction driving the retraction and stiffening of clots. However, neither the dynamics of single-platelet contraction nor the strength and elasticity of individual platelets, both of which are important for understanding clot material properties, have been directly measured. Here we use atomic force microscopy to measure the mechanics and dynamics of single platelets. We find that platelets contract nearly instantaneously when activated by contact with fibrinogen and complete contraction within 15 min. Individual platelets can generate an average maximum contractile force of 29 nN and form adhesions stronger than 70 nN. Our measurements show that when exposed to stiffer microenvironments, platelets generated higher stall forces, which indicates that platelets may be able to contract heterogeneous clots more uniformly. The high elasticity of individual platelets, measured to be 10 kPa after contraction, combined with their high contractile forces, indicates that clots may be stiffened through direct reinforcement by platelets as well as by strain stiffening of fibrin under tension due to platelet contraction. These results show how the mechanosensitivity and mechanics of single cells can be used to dynamically alter the material properties of physiologic systems.
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DOI：
10.1161/01.atv.0000241589.52950.4c
发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Collet, J. P.;Allali, Y.;Montalescot, G.
通讯作者：
Montalescot, G.
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
NIEWIAROWSKI, S;REGOECZI, E;MUSTARD, JF
通讯作者：
MUSTARD, JF
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0903994106
发表时间：
2009-10-27
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Mitrossilis, Demosthene;Fouchard, Jonathan;Asnacios, Atef
通讯作者：
Asnacios, Atef
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
FINER, JT;SIMMONS, RM;SPUDICH, JA
通讯作者：
SPUDICH, JA
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Liu, W.;Jawerth, L. M.;Guthold, M.
通讯作者：
Guthold, M.