Microfluidic deep mutational scanning of the human executioner caspases reveals differences in structure and regulation.

Microfluidic deep mutational scanning of the human executioner caspases reveals differences in structure and regulation.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41420-021-00799-0
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发表时间:
2022-01-10
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Romero PA
Romero PA
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roychowdhury H;Romero PA

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人胱天蛋白酶家族包括12种半胱氨酸蛋白酶,其集中参与细胞死亡和炎症反应。该家族的成员具有保守的序列和结构,高度相似的酶活性和底物偏好,以及重叠的生理作用。在本文中,我们提出了一个深刻的突变扫描的刽子手半胱天冬酶CASP3和CASP7剖析其结构,功能和监管的差异。我们的方法利用高通量微流体筛选来分析严格控制的体外反应中的数十万种caspase变体。所得数据提供了氨基酸取代对CASP3和CASP7的蛋白水解活性的影响的大规模和无偏见的观点。我们使用这些数据来确定CASP3和CASP7之间的关键功能差异,包括CASP3中不存在的二级内部切割位点CASP7 Q196。我们的研究结果将为caspase功能和调节的研究开辟道路,可能为未来caspase特异性治疗的发展提供信息。
The human caspase family comprises 12 cysteine proteases that are centrally involved in cell death and inflammation responses. The members of this family have conserved sequences and structures, highly similar enzymatic activities and substrate preferences, and overlapping physiological roles. In this paper, we present a deep mutational scan of the executioner caspases CASP3 and CASP7 to dissect differences in their structure, function, and regulation. Our approach leverages high-throughput microfluidic screening to analyze hundreds of thousands of caspase variants in tightly controlled in vitro reactions. The resulting data provides a large-scale and unbiased view of the impact of amino acid substitutions on the proteolytic activity of CASP3 and CASP7. We use this data to pinpoint key functional differences between CASP3 and CASP7, including a secondary internal cleavage site, CASP7 Q196 that is not present in CASP3. Our results will open avenues for inquiry in caspase function and regulation that could potentially inform the development of future caspase-specific therapeutics.
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