Effects of cumulative stress and impulsivity on smoking status.
Effects of cumulative stress and impulsivity on smoking status.
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累积压力和冲动性对吸烟状况的影响。
DOI：
10.1002/hup.1269
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Sinha, Rajita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ansell, Emily B. .;Gu, Peihua;Tuit, Keri;Sinha, Rajita
成瘾的压力-脆弱性模型预测，环境因素，如累积的压力，将导致个体适应，降低自我控制，增加冲动，并增加成瘾的风险。冲动和累积压力是吸烟的危险因素，很少在研究中同时进行研究。我们在一个社区样本中研究了累积逆境的间接和直接影响，该样本由291名男性和女性组成，他们参与了累积压力，自我报告的冲动和吸烟史的评估。数据进行分析，使用自助技术，以估计间接影响吸烟的压力，通过冲动。累积逆境与吸烟状态通过直接影响和间接影响，通过冲动分数。其他模型检查特定类型的压力表明创伤性压力和最近的生活事件以及慢性关系压力源的贡献。总的来说，累积的压力通过增加冲动性和通过独立于冲动性的途径与吸烟风险增加相关。这些发现支持压力脆弱性模型，并强调调解模型的效用，在评估如何，以及为谁，累积压力增加风险，目前吸烟。提高自我控制是对经历过累积逆境的个人进行干预的目标。
The stress-vulnerability model of addiction predicts that environmental factors, such as cumulative stress, will result in individual adaptations that decrease self-control, increase impulsivity, and increase risk for addiction. Impulsivity and cumulative stress are risk factors for tobacco smoking that are rarely examined simultaneously in research. We examined the indirect and direct effects of cumulative adversity in a community sample consisting of 291 men and women who participated in an assessment of cumulative stress, self-reported impulsivity, and smoking history. Data were analyzed using bootstrapping techniques to estimate indirect effects of stress on smoking via impulsivity. Cumulative adversity is associated with smoking status via direct effects and indirect effects through impulsivity scores. Additional models examining specific types of stress indicate contributions of traumatic stress and recent life events as well as chronic relationship stressors. Overall, cumulative stress is associated with increased risk of smoking via increased impulsivity and via pathways independent of impulsivity. These findings support the stress-vulnerability model and highlight the utility of mediation models in assessing how, and for whom, cumulative stress increases risk of current cigarette smoking. Increasing self-control is a target for interventions with individuals who have experienced cumulative adversity.
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