Genetic Interaction Between Site-Specific Epigenetic Marks and Roles of H4v in Transcription Termination in Trypanosoma brucei.

Genetic Interaction Between Site-Specific Epigenetic Marks and Roles of H4v in Transcription Termination in Trypanosoma brucei.
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DOI:
10.3389/fcell.2021.744878
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Kim HS
Kim HS
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kim HS

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在布氏锥虫中,基因组装在多顺反子转录单位(PTU)中。 PTU 的边界被指定为转录起始位点和转录终止位点 (TTS)。信使 RNA 是通过前体 RNA 的反式剪接和多聚腺苷酸化产生的,并且 3' 非翻译区 (UTR) 中的调控信息(而不是启动子活性/序列特异性转录因子)控制 mRNA 水平。鉴于这种特殊的基因组结构,必须采用特殊策略来控制布氏锥虫的转录。 TTS 是三个非必需染色质因子的沉积位点,即两个非典型组蛋白变体(H3v 和 H4v)和一个 DNA 修饰(碱基 J,它是羟基-葡萄糖基 dT)。这种关联产生了这样的假设:这三个染色质标记定义了布氏锥虫中的转录终止位点。使用一组缺乏 H3v、H4v 和碱基 J 的无效突变体,我在此表明 H4v 是 TTS 转录终止的主要标志。虽然 H3v 在 TTS 中具有次要功能,但它对于端粒抗原基因的单等位基因转录很重要。两种组蛋白变体同时缺失会导致增殖和复制缺陷,J 缺失会加剧这种缺陷,并伴随亚 G1 群体的积累。因此,我认为 H3v、H4v 和 J 的协调作用为染色质组织、转录、复制和细胞周期进展中的彼此提供了补偿机制。
In Trypanosoma brucei, genes are assembled in polycistronic transcription units (PTUs). Boundaries of PTUs are designated transcription start sites and transcription termination sites (TTSs). Messenger RNAs are generated by trans-splicing and polyadenylation of precursor RNAs, and regulatory information in the 3′ un-translated region (UTR), rather than promoter activity/sequence-specific transcription factors, controls mRNA levels. Given this peculiar genome structure, special strategies must be utilized to control transcription in T. brucei. TTSs are deposition sites for three non-essential chromatin factors—two of non-canonical histone variants (H3v and H4v) and a DNA modification (base J, which is a hydroxyl-glucosyl dT). This association generated the hypothesis that these three chromatin marks define a transcription termination site in T. brucei. Using a panel of null mutants lacking H3v, H4v, and base J, here I show that H4v is a major sign for transcription termination at TTSs. While having a secondary function at TTSs, H3v is important for monoallelic transcription of telomeric antigen genes. The simultaneous absence of both histone variants leads to proliferation and replication defects, which are exacerbated by the J absence, accompanied by accumulation of sub-G1 population. Thus, I propose that the coordinated actions of H3v, H4v, and J provide compensatory mechanisms for each other in chromatin organization, transcription, replication, and cell-cycle progression.
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