A review of room temperature storage of biospecimen tissue and nucleic acids for anatomic pathology laboratories and biorepositories.
A review of room temperature storage of biospecimen tissue and nucleic acids for anatomic pathology laboratories and biorepositories.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.12.011
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Yong WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lou JJ;Mirsadraei L;Sanchez DE;Wilson RW;Shabihkhani M;Lucey GM;Wei B;Singer EJ;Mareninov S;Yong WH
冷冻生物标本对转化研究至关重要，含有保存良好的核酸和蛋白质。然而，灾难性的冷冻机故障的风险以及空间，成本和环境问题都要求评估长期室温储存替代品。福尔马林固定石蜡包埋（FFPE）组织具有很大的价值，但其使用受到核酸交联和片段化以及酶活性丧失的限制。稳定溶液现在可以在室温下将新鲜组织稳定保存长达7天。对于长期储存，化学基质的商业供应商声称核酸的真实的时间稳定性超过2年，迄今为止的加速老化研究表明RNA的稳定性为12年，DNA的稳定性为60年。然而，解剖病理学生物储存库主要储存冷冻组织而不是核酸。少量的组织可以直接放置在一些化学基质上以稳定DNA，但是RNA和蛋白质不能被保存。目前的冻干方法可以保存组织形态、DNA、RNA和蛋白质，尽管RNA在1-2年后显示出中度降解。不含福尔马林的固定剂显示出改进的但不同的保存核酸的能力，并面临验证以及替代FFPE标本的成本障碍。石蜡包埋过程可以降解RNA。强大的长期室温生物标本组织存储技术的发展可以潜在地降低成本的生物医学界面对日益增长的靶向治疗需求和不断减少的预算。
Frozen biospecimens are crucial for translational research and contain well preserved nucleic acids and protein. However, the risk for catastrophic freezer failure as well as space, cost, and environmental concerns argue for evaluating long-term room temperature storage alternatives. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues have great value but their use is limited by cross-linking and fragmentation of nucleic acids, as well as loss of enzymatic activity. Stabilization solutions can now robustly preserve fresh tissue for up to 7 days at room temperature. For longer term storage, commercial vendors of chemical matrices claim real time stability of nucleic acids of over 2 years and their accelerated aging studies to date suggest stability for 12 years for RNA and 60 years for DNA. However, anatomic pathology biorepositories store mostly frozen tissue rather than nucleic acids. Small quantities of tissue can be directly placed on some chemical matrices to stabilize DNA, however RNA and proteins are not preserved. Current lyophilization approaches can preserve histomorphology, DNA, RNA, and proteins though RNA shows moderate degradation after 1–2 years. Formalin free fixatives show improved but varying abilities to preserve nucleic acids and face validation as well as cost barriers in replacing FFPE specimens. The paraffin embedding process can degrade RNA. Development of robust long-term room temperature biospecimen tissue storage technology can potentially reduce costs for the biomedical community in the face of growing targeted therapy needs and decreasing budgets.
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