A mechanism for glycoconjugate vaccine activation of the adaptive immune system and its implications for vaccine design.

A mechanism for glycoconjugate vaccine activation of the adaptive immune system and its implications for vaccine design.
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DOI:
10.1038/nm.2535
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发表时间:
2011-11-20
期刊:
影响因子:
82.9
通讯作者:
Kasper DL
Kasper DL
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Avci FY;Li X;Tsuji M;Kasper DL

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尽管复合糖疫苗在全球范围内提供了巨大的健康益处,但在重要的高危人群中却不太成功。为了探索增强糖复合物有效性的新方法,我们研究了控制原型糖复合物疫苗免疫反应的分子和细胞机制。在抗原呈递细胞中,在与载体蛋白偶联的 B 族链球菌 III 型多糖的内溶酶体加工中产生碳水化合物表位。该碳水化合物表位与载体蛋白衍生肽结合,与主要组织相容性 II 类 (MHCII) 结合,并刺激碳水化合物特异性 CD4+ T 细胞克隆产生白细胞介素 2 和 4,这些细胞因子对于为产生抗体的 B 细胞提供 T 细胞帮助至关重要。与目前使用的疫苗结构相比,为最大限度地呈现 T 细胞识别的碳水化合物表位而构建的典型糖复合物疫苗在动物感染模型中的效力和保护性显着增强 50-100 倍。
Although glycoconjugate vaccines have provided enormous health benefits globally, they have been less successful in significant high-risk populations. Exploring novel approaches to the enhancement of glycoconjugate effectiveness, we investigated molecular and cellular mechanisms governing the immune response to a prototypical glycoconjugate vaccine. In antigen-presenting cells, a carbohydrate epitope is generated upon endolysosomal processing of group B streptococcal type III polysaccharide coupled to a carrier protein. In conjunction with a carrier protein-derived peptide, this carbohydrate epitope binds to major histocompatibility class II (MHCII) and stimulates carbohydrate-specific CD4+ T-cell clones to produce interleukins 2 and 4—cytokines essential for providing T-cell help to antibody-producing B cells. An archetypical glycoconjugate vaccine constructed to maximize the presentation of carbohydrate epitopes recognized by T cells is 50–100 times more potent and significantly more protective in an animal model of infection than is a currently used vaccine construct.
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