Identifying Sediment Sources and Sinks in the Root River, Southeastern Minnesota

Identifying Sediment Sources and Sinks in the Root River, Southeastern Minnesota
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识别明尼苏达州东南部根河的沉积物源和汇

DOI:
10.1080/00045608.2013.843434
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Annals of the Association of American Geographers
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Willenbring, Jane K.
Willenbring, Jane K.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stout, Justin C.;Belmont, Patrick;Schottler, Shawn P.;Willenbring, Jane K.

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细沉积物的过度负荷是河流损害的一个突出原因,不仅是因为对生物群和栖息地的直接影响,还因为沉积物通常含有过量的营养物质、金属和有毒物质。确定沉积物的来源和运输途径已被证明具有挑战性。根据美国《清洁水法》第303d条,明尼苏达州东南部的鲁特河流域有43个受损河段,这引发了以下问题:这些细沉积物从何而来?来自高地和近河道侵蚀的泥沙比例是多少?与过去土地利用的遗留问题相比,现代土地利用和水资源管理造成的过量泥沙负荷有多少?在流域尺度上管理细沙要求我们确定整个流域的潜在源和汇,测量源的贡献,并了解细沙的运输途径。在这里,我们利用沉积物指纹技术,包括长寿命和短寿命放射性核素示踪剂,特别是铍-10 (10Be),过量铅-210 (210Pbex)和铯-137 (137Cs),结合其他支持数据集来解决上述问题。我们记录了水文制度的转变,沉积物通量对洪水事件的大小和顺序都很敏感。地貌分析表明,许多河流河段具有可达的近河道源,这些近河道源贡献了流域冲刷通量的主要比例。最后,洪泛平原和山坡土壤的地球化学示踪分析表明,历史上的侵蚀在整个景观中是可变的,今天河流中的大部分悬浮沉积物来自洪泛平原和阶地。
Excessive loading of fine sediment is a prominent cause of river impairment, not only due to direct effects on biota and habitat but because sediment is often laden with excess nutrients, metals, and toxic substances. Determining the sources and transport pathways of sediment has proven challenging. The Root River watershed in southeastern Minnesota was listed under section 303d of the U.S. Clean Water Act as having forty-three impaired reaches, raising these questions: Where is the fine sediment coming from? What proportions of the sediment are from uplands versus near-channel erosion? How much of the excess sediment loading is caused by modern land use and water management versus the legacy of past land use? Managing fine sediment at the watershed scale requires that we identify potential sources and sinks throughout the watershed, measure source contributions, and understand transport pathways of fine sediment. Here we utilize sediment fingerprinting techniques involving long- and short-lived radionuclide tracers, specifically beryllium-10 (10Be), excess lead-210 (210Pbex), and cesium-137 (137Cs), in combination with other supporting data sets to address the preceding questions. We document a shift in hydrologic regime and that sediment fluxes are sensitive to both magnitude and sequence of flood events. Geomorphic analysis indicates that many river reaches have accessible near-channel sources that contribute the dominant proportion of the washload flux in subwatersheds. Lastly, geochemical tracer analyses of floodplains and hillslope soils indicate that historic erosion has been variable across the landscape and the majority of suspended sediment in the river today is sourced from floodplains and terraces.
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2011
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发表时间: 2008
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DOI: 10.1126/science.1151716
发表时间: 2008-01
期刊: Science
影响因子: 56.9
作者:
R. Walter;D. Merritts
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