Tyrosine 121 moves revealing a ligandable pocket that couples catalysis to ATP-binding in serine racemase.

Tyrosine 121 moves revealing a ligandable pocket that couples catalysis to ATP-binding in serine racemase.
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酪氨酸121的移动揭示了一个可配体的口袋,在丝氨酸消旋酶中将催化作用与ATP结合偶联。

DOI:
10.1038/s42003-022-03264-5
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发表时间:
2022-04-11
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
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人丝氨酸消旋酶 (hSR) 催化 L-丝氨酸外消旋为 D-丝氨酸,后者是谷氨酸受体 NMDA 亚型的共激动剂,对突触可塑性、学习和记忆非常重要。在含有变构激活剂 ATP 的“封闭”hSR 结构中,抑制剂丙二酸被封闭在大结构域和小结构域之间,而 ATP 位于活性位点的远端,位于与 ATP 的 α-磷酸盐接触的 Tyr121 羟基的二聚体界面处。相比之下,在“开放”hSR 结构中,Tyr121 位于小结构域的核心,其羟基与关键催化残基 Ser84 接触。通过将 Tyr121 从小结构域的核心翻转到二聚体界面来调节 SR 活性的能力似乎是在具有 CNS 的动物中进化出来的。多个 X 射线晶体学酶片段结构显示 Tyr121 从小结构域核心的口袋中翻转出来。数据表明,抑制酶活性的分子可以靶向该可配位口袋。人丝氨酸消旋酶的催化机制揭示了 Tyr121 附近的一个可配位口袋,可作为开发新型抑制剂的目标。
Human serine racemase (hSR) catalyses racemisation of L-serine to D-serine, the latter of which is a co-agonist of the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors that are important in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. In a ‘closed’ hSR structure containing the allosteric activator ATP, the inhibitor malonate is enclosed between the large and small domains while ATP is distal to the active site, residing at the dimer interface with the Tyr121 hydroxyl group contacting the α-phosphate of ATP. In contrast, in ‘open’ hSR structures, Tyr121 sits in the core of the small domain with its hydroxyl contacting the key catalytic residue Ser84. The ability to regulate SR activity by flipping Tyr121 from the core of the small domain to the dimer interface appears to have evolved in animals with a CNS. Multiple X-ray crystallographic enzyme-fragment structures show Tyr121 flipped out of its pocket in the core of the small domain. Data suggest that this ligandable pocket could be targeted by molecules that inhibit enzyme activity. The catalytic mechanisms of human serine racemase reveal a ligandable pocket near Tyr121 that could be targeted for the development of novel inhibitors.
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